DAIRY FARMING — DAIRYING. 693 



ami value mi' the wool products of L903 and 1904. The total wrool product for L904 

 was estimated to be 291,783,032 lbs., and its value $64,940,959. 



Live stock associations and the markets | U. S. Dept. Agr., Bur. Anim. Indus. 

 Bpt. 1904, pp- 513-558). — Addressee and other data regarding live stock, reg 

 stock, pedigree, and breeders' associations are summarized, and statistics given 

 regarding the shipments of live stock and range of prices during the calendar year 

 L904. 



DAIRY FARMING DAIRYING. 



Records of dairy cows in the United States, C. B. Lane I U. S. Dept. Agr., Bur. 

 Anim. Indus. Bui. 75, pp. 184, pis. 17, figs. 6). This is a compilation of authentic 

 milk and butter records of pure-bred, grade, and Dative cows in this country to 

 which numerous private records, having do official endorsement but believed to be 

 reasonably accurate, arc added. 



In the introduction to the bulletin the author- discusses the value of dairy records, 

 methods of keeping records, and raising the standard of production, and in his sum- 

 mary draws conclusions along these lines from the data presented. 



Circulars were sent to 600 dairymen making inquiries as to the management and 

 production of their herds. Replies were received from over 200, and of this number 

 26 p<r c.-nt stated that they did not keep records, while a still smaller proportion was 

 able to give the cosl of keeping their cow-. Where a special breed was kept the 

 reports indicated that the owners were more careful in the breeding and manage- 

 ment of their cows and secured larger yields and greater profits. An abundance of 

 nutrients returned the greatest profit over cost of food. The proportion of carbohy- 

 drates was often excessive. The silo assisted materially in reducing the cost of in-<\. 

 The construction of stables was often faulty. 



The author considers that the average production of dairy cows in this country is 

 hardly up to the profit line and states the fundamental steps to be taken in improving 

 dairy herds as follows: 



"Take advantage of variation. While the tendency of nearly all cows raised is to 

 become average cows, a number fall below and a few reach a yield of 500, 600, or 

 even 700 pounds of butter. 



"Those above the average should be carefully selected and bred with care and 

 judgment. 



" While the test must be used to detect variation and make selections, it is needed 

 particularly to test the progeny, to determine whether the good qualities of the parent 

 have been perpetuated, and to see if any improvement in the offspring has been 

 made 



"Food, care, and management are of the highest importance. Having been care- 

 fully selected and having stood the test, the cows must be well fed and cared for if 

 their good qualities are to be retained and improved." 



The dairy industry in New Hampshire, I. ('. Weld (New Hampshire Sta. Bui. 

 JJO, ]>]>. 69-80, figs. 4 I. — This is a brief historical and statistical account of the dairy 

 industry in the state. 



The number of milch cows is placed at L29,900, and their average value per head 

 at $32.34. It is estimated that the average cow produces annually 4,L ) L'.' > . lhs. of milk. 

 There are, in the State. 1 condensed milk factory, 7 chee8e factories, "'-creameries, 

 and 146 stations from which milk is shipped to Boston. 



Demonstration experiments on the feeding of dairy cows, conducted at 

 the expense and under the supervision of the government during the win- 

 ter of 1904-5 (Bui. Agr. [Brussels'], £1 {1906), No. 5, pp. S91-872) .—This is a 

 detailed report of experiments carried out in the different province- of Belgium in 

 the same manner as in previous years i E. s. K., Hi. p. 1010 1. Conclusions are drawn 



