698 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



New industrial product, R. Guenther (Mo. Consular and Trade Rpts. [U. S.~\ 

 1905, Xo. 302, p. 243). — Brief reference is made to the manufacture of galalith, a 

 horn-like product prepared from cows' milk, and stated to be valuable in the manu- 

 facture of various ornamental and useful articles. 



Officials, associations, and educational institutions connected with, the 

 dairy interests of the United States for the year 1905 ( U. S. Depi. Agr., Bur. 

 Anim. Indus. Circ. 80, pp. 12). 



VETERINARY MEDICINE. 



Report of the Minnesota State Live Stock Sanitary Board, 1905, S. H. 

 Ward et al. (Ann. Rpt. Minn. Live Stock Sanit. Bd. 2 (1905), pp. 119). — Within recent 

 years wheat has been less extensively planted in Minnesota than formerly, and 

 animal industry has assumed greater importance. This statement is particularly true 

 for dairying. The work of the live stock sanitary board has increased in value 

 correspondingly. 



Certain dairymen have raised objection to the inspection of cattle for tuberculosis 

 and testing them with tuberculin. The test is not made compulsory, however, unless 

 the disease is known to exist in the herd. On account of the fact that an indemnity 

 is paid owners for the destruction of tuberculous cattle, it is recommended that such 

 dairymen be not allowed to replenish their herd with other cattle without previous 

 inspection. Otherwise the reimbursement for other animals would constitute a con- 

 tinual burden on the State. 



Glanders appears most frequently in the counties adjacent to the Dakotas, and 

 outbreaks are usually traced to the purchase of range horses. Considerable work 

 has been done during the year on hog cholera, particularly with reference to the 

 existence of a form of the disease caused by filterable virus, as described by the 

 Bureau of Animal Industry of this Department. Notes are also given on swamp 

 fever, rabies, and blackleg. W. L. Beebe presents a detailed report on the pathology 

 and bacteriology of tissues and material sent to him during the year for examination. 



Human and bovine tuberculosis, N. Raw (Brit. Med. Jour., 1905, No. 2338, 

 pp. 1018-1021). — The views at present held by the author on the relationship 

 between these two forms of tuberculosis are based on an observation of 3,500 cases 

 of human tuberculosis and a study of 650 autopsies. 



During these investigations it was found that the lungs of children may become 

 infected by direct extension of infection from the mesenteric glands through the 

 diaphragm to the lungs. This infection frequently follows the use of tuberculous 

 milk. The author maintains that human and bovine tuberculosis are distinct dis- 

 eases, and are capable of setting up different sets of symptoms at different periods of 

 life, depending upon the localization of infection, and that primary intestinal tuber- 

 culosis is generally bovine in origin from infected milk. According to this view of 

 the matter, therefore, human and bovine tubercle bacilli are distinct species, but 

 man is susceptible to both. 



The origin of pulmonary lesions in tuberculosis, H. Vallee (Ann. Inst. 

 Pasteur, 19 (1905), Xo. 10, pp. 619-624).— It appears to be established beyond contro- 

 versy that in all species of animals the pulmonary parenchyma is the favorite tissue 

 for the location of the tubercle bacillus. 



In statistics collected on 43,000 animals the lungs were affected in 75 per cent of 

 cases. The author inoculated 2 young calves by the intratracheal method and found 

 that the lungs as well as the bronchial and mediastinal glands were difficult to infect 

 in this way. Experiments were also carried out which seemed to indicate that the 

 lungs may readily become affected by extension of an alimentary infection. 



As a result of his investigations the author concludes that among the various 

 methods of infection that of ingestion is calculated to produce most surely and most 



