RURAL ENGINEERING. 707 



A <lain has been built and a canal I s ' miles long which will irrigate 17,940 acres. 

 This area is divided into three classes firsl class land lit for special crops, second 

 class land lit for mixed farming, and third class land lit only for grazing. This is to 

 be leased to settlers in hart- varying from 250 t<> 500 acres according to its classifica- 

 tion. Settlers are advised thai they will need capital of at least C250. The article 

 contains information as to the necessary expenditures and probable returns from 

 farming operations. 



Diagrams of mean velocity of uniform motion of water in open channels; 

 based on the formula of Ganguillet and Kutter, I. P. Chi bch (New York: John 

 Wiley & Sons, 1902, pis. 11, desc. text). This Bel of diagrams was prepared for the 

 purpose of determining the mean velocity in open channels instead of computing it 

 in cadi case from Kutter's formula. 



There is one diagram for each of eleven differenl values of "n," or the coefficient 

 o!' roughness, ranging from 0.009 t<> 0.035, and ranging from 0.1 to 25 t't. in values 

 of R, the hydraulic radius, and for slopes varying from 0.01 ft. per thousand to 100 

 ft. per thousand, thai is, values of S varying from 0.00001 to 0.100. This is sufficient 

 range to cover the ordinary eases. 

 The coefficients of roughness for channels of various kinds are given a- follows: 

 0.009, for well-planed timber evenly laid. 

 .010, plaster in pure cement; glazed surfaces in good order. 

 .nl l. plaster in cement with one-third sand; iron and cemenl pipe- in good order 



and well laid. 

 .012, unplaned timber, evenly laid and continuous. 

 .013, ashlar masonry and well-laid brickwork; also the above categories when not 



in good condition nor well laid. 

 .015, "canvas lining on frames;" brickwork of rough surface; foul iron pipes; 



badly jointed cement pipes. 

 .017, rubble in plaster or cement in good order; inferior brickwork; tuberculated 



iron pipes; very line and rammed gravel. 

 .020, canals in very firm gravel; rubble in inferior condition; earth of even surface. 

 .025, canals and livers in perfect order and regimen and perfectly free from stones 



and weeds. 

 .030, canals and rivers in earth in moderately good order and regimen, having 



stones and weeds occasionally. 

 .035, canals and rivers in had order and regimen, overgrown with vegetation, and 

 strewn witli stones and detritus. 

 Proceedings of the second annual Iowa State Drainage Convention (Proc. 

 h>n, i State Drainagi ''"///•., : | 1905), pp. 65, figs. 7). — This report contains the min- 

 utes of the meetings and the following papers: Appraisement of Damages and A-- 

 ments of Benefits in Drainage Work, by ('. G. Elliott; The New Iowa Drainage haw. 

 by R. M. Wright; The Importance of Drainage in Good Roads Construction, by A. 

 Marston; President's Address, by I>. A. Kent; The Drainage of Meandered Lakes, by 

 I.. E. A.shbaugh; Progress in Drainage Improvements -during 1904, by J. F. Ford; 

 The Relation of the Soil to [Jnderdrainage, by W. II. Stevenson. 



Proceedings of second conference of engineers of the Reclamation Service, 

 with accompanying papers, F. II. Newell (('. S. Geol. Survey, Water-Supply and 

 Trrig. Paper No. 146, pp. ?67). The papers included .leal with water laws, hydrog- 

 raphy, power engineering in irrigation, tunneling, field and office accounts, pump- 

 ing, diamond drilling, stream gaging, computations, aquatic plants, camp sanitation, 

 drainage, silting of reservoirs, flow under ice, and a few report- of particular project-. 

 A number of committee reports of general interest on concrete, cost-keeping, duty 

 of water, and pumping are added, and others of a more special kind relating to stand- 

 ard specifications, form- of report-, etc., ,,f interest to members of the Reclamation 



