land. In one instance where this was tested in the spring of 1905 the scale insect 

 was almost entirely destroyed by a single treatment. 



Detailed notes are given on the life history of the insect. It seems to attack chiefly 

 June grass and red top. A list is given of the parasites bred from the pest and brief 

 notes are given on the literature relating to this subject. 



Control of codling- moth,, T. W. Kirk (New Zeal. Dept. Agr., Divs. Biol, and 

 llort. Bui. >;, pp. 7). — Tests were made of the efficiency of spraying trees with Paris 

 green, resin solution, a combination of arsenic and soda, arsenate of lead, and kero- 

 sene emulsion in the control of codling moth. The amount of clean fruit after the 

 application of these insecticides varies from 81 to 89 per cent. 



Descriptions of three species of fruit flies, T. Broun (New Zeal. Dept. Agr., 

 IHvs. Biol, and Hort. Bui. 4, pp. 6, pi. 1). — The author describes as new with notes 

 on their habits and life history Teph rites xanthodes, Lonchtea splendida, and Drosophila 

 ampelophila. 



A mite disease of grapevines, F. Bceuf (Bui. Agr. Algerie et Tunisie, 11 (1905), 

 Xo. 10, pp. 211-221). — Considerable injury has been done to grapevines in Tunis by 

 Ccepophagus echinopus. This mite attacks the roots of grapevines and ultimately 

 causes the death of the plants. Ordinarily the pest feeds upon dead wood and 

 detritus, but may attack sick grapevines which have a low resisting power. 



The application of bisulphid of carbon to the soil around infested vines has been 

 found to yield excellent results. In some cases single treatment with 300 kg. per 

 hectare was sufficient but, as a rule, 2 treatments requiring 400 kg. per hectare were 

 more satisfactory. 



Insects attacking cacao in the West Indies, H. A. Ballou ( West Indian Bui., 

 6 (1905), Xo. 1, pp. 94-98). — Notes are given on the habits, life history, and means 

 of combating a number of insect pests of cacao, including Steirastoma depressum, 

 Physopus rubrocincta, etc. 



The cottony maple scale, J. G. Sanders (U. S. Dept. Agr., Bur. Ent. Circ. 64, 

 pp. 6, figs. 4)- — The economic importance of the cottony maple scale is discussed with 

 notes on its food plants, habits, life history, parasites, and predaceous enemies. 



In some cases the natural enemies of the scale are quite effective in reducing its 

 numbers. Occasionally, however, the pest multiplies to such an extent that artificial 

 remedies must be applied. For this purpose infested trees may be trimmed in the 

 fall and sprayed with kerosene emulsion or whale-oil soap. In the summer a weak 

 kerosene emulsion (not more than 10 or 12 per cent) may be used in cases of exces- 

 sive infestation. 



The bronze birch borer, M. V. Slingerland (New York Cornell Sla. Bui. 234, 

 pp. 65-78, figs. 9). — Agrilus anxius is reported as having greatly injured or destroyed 

 European white birch on the Cornell campus and elsewhere. 



The presence of this insect may be recognized from the hole through which it 

 enters into the bark, by the dying of the top branches of the tree, and by the ridges 

 which develop over the burrows of the insect on the branches. The pest is described 

 in detail with notes on its life history and on previous records of its occurrence. 

 This insect is widely distributed throughout northern United States and Canada. It 

 attacks all kinds of birch trees and occasionally willows. 



The bronze birch borer hibernates as a full-grown grub and appears in the spring, 

 after which it lays its eggs probably in the crevices of the bark. There is one brood 

 annually. The pest is preyed upon by woodpeckers and also by at least one parasite, 

 Phasgonophora sulcata. There appears to be no way of preventing the borer from 

 laying its eggs upon the birch and the only practical way of checking its ravages is 

 promptly to cut and burn infested trees during the winter or at least by May 1. 



Ants, W. W. Froggatt (Agr. Gaz. N. S. Wales, 16 (1905), Xo. 9, pp. 861-866, 

 pi. 1). — The appearance and habits of various species of native Australian ants are 



