HORTICULTURE. 865 



causes of unfmitfulness rapid wood growth of young trees, attack of bloom by 

 fungi, long-continued rain during the blooming period, and self-sterility are 

 mentioned. 



Freezing' of fruit trees, I'. II. Hall and II. .1. El stace i \' " York 8taU sin. 



Hal. 269, popular ,</.. /,/,. S). A popular editi i' Bulletin •_'«'.'.• of the Station 



i !■:. s. R., IT. [>. 558). 



Notes on varieties of apples, ( '. < '. Newman {South Carolina 8ta. Bui. 109, 

 pp. 38, figs. 31). A large number of varieties of apples have been grown at the 

 Btation for 12 years, the lasl 7 of which the trees have.been in bearing. Many 



of these are varieties suited to supply fruit continuously fr June to the first 



of April. Detailed descriptions and drawings are given of 30 of these varieties 

 and recommendations as to tin- besl summer, autumn, and winter varieties to 

 plant in mountain regions, bill regions, and the pine belt. 



Handling' the apple crop, II. II. Ill mi: (Bui. \. C. Dept. \<n\. 16 (1905), \<>. 

 .'/. />/>. 22, figs. 9). Popular directions for harvesting and packing apples for 

 shipment, with apple-shippers' rules regarding the standard barrels and require 

 in. -iits for differenl grades of apples. 



Horticultural section, \V. J. Palmer (New Zeal. Dept. Vgr. Ann. Rpt, 13 

 (1905), pp. 278 294). Besides an accounl of the work of the year, a lisl is 

 given of the aphis resistant and blight-proof varieties of apples grown in New 

 Zealand. 



About new hardy oranges, II. E. Van Deman (Rural Wew Yorker, 65 (1906), 

 No. 2921, pp. 'in. fin. /i. The author discusses the work of J. L. Normand, 

 Marksville, Louisiana, who is breeding new varieties of hardy oranges. 



The hardy variety, Citrus trifoliata, is used as the male parent Thus far one 

 variety h;is been obtained which is considered of sufficient value to be placed on 

 the market. This has been named "Carnegie," and is ;i cross with the Boone 

 which is a very early orange. The Carnegie averages over i* in. in diameter, 

 and is of good flavor, though not as good as really choice oranges. 



Timing of bananas (Jour. Jamaica Agr. Nor.. 9 (1905), Vo. 12, pp. [53- 

 155). About a million bunches of bananas are now exported yearly from 

 Jamaica. The host prices are secured for those marketed from the beginning of 

 March until the end of June. Planters are therefore urged to so time their 

 suckers as to produce fruit during this period instead of the more natural 

 season of July to October. 



Bananas and pineapples, V. Ili:\i;v (Bananes et Ananas. Paris: Augustin 

 Challamel, 1905, pp. 1)1. figs. 19, maps 12). A treatise on the production and 

 commerce of bananas and pineapples in French Guiana. 



Preserving fresh berry fruits, T. Zschokke (Landw. Jahrb Schweiss, fH 

 (1905), Vo. 9, pp. 611 619). Unripe gooseberries were washed in boiled water 

 that had been allowed to cool, then put in cans and covered with boiled water 



which had become cool. The cans were then sealed and stored for eight nths, 



at a temperature of about 16 C. At the end of this time the cans were opened. 



The water in which they were preserved had remained clear. There were no 

 settlings in the bottom of the glasses, hut the water had a very acid taste. The 

 berries themselves were of full size, hard, and of a green-white color. They 

 tasted almost like fresh unripe berries. The berries which originally had con 

 tained 27.2 per cent acid and 3.9] per cent sugar, contained at the end of the 



experiment 18.9 per cent acid and L\7 , _ > per cent sugar, a loss of about 30 pel- 

 cent of hot h const it llelits. 



For such purposes as same where the water might be used along with the 

 berries, there would be no loss, hut for jelly-making purposes it was found that 

 when only the berries were used the jelly would not set. Cranberries when 



