ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY— ENTOMOLOGY. 881 



a boiled lime-sulphur-salt wash, self-boiled lime-sulphtir-salt wash, lime-sulphur 

 wash, lime-sulphur-caustic-soda boiled and self-boiled. The effect on peach- 

 leaf curl was quite striking, only u per cenl of the leaves being affected on 

 the treated trees, while <>n the checks 85 per cenl showed leaf curl. Some of the 



trees were quite severely injured l.y self -boiled lime sulphur salt \v:ish. hut this 



injury w;is more than offset hy the Increased growth of the trees during summer. 



Lime-sulphur-caustic-soda wash gave quite satisfactory results. In one 

 orchard aboul 10 per cent of the peach buds were injured by the treatment. 

 The Insecticidal value of .-ill lime sulphur preparations was uniformly good 

 and the injuries caused to trees were in all cases offset by increased vigor 

 and fruit fulness, it is concluded thai spraying in the fall with lime-sulphur 

 washes is net attended with any danger. 



Various kerosene-lime mixtures were used containing kerosene in quantities 

 Varying from l<» to 40 per cent, and lime in quantities varying from 20 to 80 

 Ihs. in oil mil. of water. Considerable difference was noticed in tin- different 

 kinds of limoid and hydrate of lime which were used. The kerosene limoid 

 mixture containing 1<». 20, or 40 per cenl of oil injured trees in all eases to 

 some extent, and even the trees which received the highest percentage of "il 

 were 1 well covered with young scales when examined during the next season. 

 The kerosene-limoid mixture appeared to have no effect upon peach-leaf curl. 



None of the mixtures of kerosene and limoid appeared to he uniformly effect- 

 ive upon the scale. This was attributed t<> the instability of the emulsion. 

 On account of the variable results this insecticide appears unsatisfactory, hut 

 further experiments will he made. The technical methods for determining the 

 .'mount and condition of the kerosene in the mixture are described. Applica- 

 tions with scalecide were made on April I'd to apple, peach, pear, and quince 

 trees on which the buds were just swelling. The amount of oil valued from 

 .". to 15 per cent. 



In another test an application was made on June 20 in which the amount of 

 oil varied from :; to 11 per cent. Trees sprayed in the dormant season appeared 

 io he free from living scales when examined during July and August. When IT, 

 per cent of oil was used the trees were quite severely checked, hut applications 

 Containing from 5 to 10 per cent of oil appeared to destroy from so to 95 per 

 cent of the scales. 



Testing spray mixtures for San Jose scale, V. II. IIai.i. i:i \i.. < Sew York 

 titate 8ta. Hid. 273, popular ed., i>i>. 7. fig. 1). — A popular summary of the above 

 bulletin. 



Some important scale insects, II. T. Febnald (Agr. of Muss.. 1908, pp. \25- 

 .'/•H. pi. I. /!</*. ■')). — A brief descriptive and economic account is given of San .lose 

 scale, oyster-shell bark-louse, scurfy scale, and certain species of Lecanium. 



The biology of Ceratitis capitata, A. Hempel (Bol. Agr. [Sao Paulo], <i ser., 

 1!)<>~>, No. 8, pp. 352-35 / ) . — The life history and economic importance of this pest 

 are briefly discussed with notes on means of combating it. 



An insect of the family Poduridae on grapevines, II. F.us (Chron. Agr. 

 Yaiid. is (1905), No. i~>. p. 352).- 8mynthuru8 luteus was found in large num- 

 bers attacking the leaves of grapevines in the vicinity of Valais. Brief notes 

 are given on the anatomy of the insect. It was found a comparatively easy 

 matter to eradicate this pest hy spraying with a mixture of soap and tobacco 

 decoction. 



Stick or leaf insects, \Y. W. Fboggatt (Agr. da:. Y. 8. Wales, Hi < 1905), No. 

 n. pp. .i/."; 520, pi. I. /iiis. .»'».- Some of the more interesting points connected 



with the lite history of these insects are discussed hy the author. 



Particular attention is given t<> Podacanthus wilkinsoni, which attacks all 

 species of eucalyptus. This species inhabits a wide strip of forest land about 



