\ i:i BKINARY MEDICINE. 913 



ment the animal was greatly emaciated and weak, but within 1 weeks the 

 health of the animal had greatly improved and it had apparently recovered from 

 tuberculosis. 



The cause of wooden tongue, M. P. RUKHLYADEV 1/ Chen. Zap. Kazan. Yet. 

 Inst.. 22 (1905), No. 5-6, pp. U8 \51). — The literature of this subject is briefly 

 reviewed, in connection with some experimental work of the author relating to 

 the pathological histology of the tongue of cattle affected with actinomycosis. 



A wasting disease of young cattle, L. A. Klein (South Carolina Sta. Bui 

 II',. ni>. tl). — On 5 farms visited by the author, 72 out of ill young .-attic had 

 been attacked by verminous gastritis. <>f these animals. H had died, while only 

 •j hail recovered, the others still being sick. 



The parasite was found to he Strongylus contort as. An account is given on 

 the history of this parasite with notes on the symptoms caused by it. The 

 lirsi symptoms appeared in August and September, and the deaths were most 

 numerous in October and November. The disease appears, therefore, to he 

 later in occurrence in the Sotith than in the northern States. It is nearly 

 always fatal since only L' of the animals in question recovered, and these were 

 nearly 2 years old. 



Verminous gastritis is confined largely to young cattle under 1* years of 

 age. In some eases the disease occurred not only on low wet pastures hut on 

 hilly land. Excellent results were obtained from the use of coal-tar creosote 

 given at the rate of 25 droits to 2 teaspoonfuls in a pint of water according to 

 the age of the animals. 



Cattle plague in Egypt in 1903 to 1905, W. LiTTi.EWOon (Jour. Compar. 

 I'a/h. and Ther., is (1905), No. ',. />/>. 3.1 2-321 ) . — Apparently cattle plague was 

 introduced into Africa during the last i'<» years by the importation of cattle 

 from Arabia. Data are presented showing the present distribution of the 

 disease. 



In outbreaks of cattle plague it is desirable to bury the carcasses of animals 

 dead of the disease, hut some difficulty has been experienced in having this done 

 systematically. It was also necessary in some instances to close cattle markets 

 during the progress of an outbreak. Since man is not affected by eating the 

 meat of cattle affected witli the disease, the use of such animals has served to 

 spread the disease. The best treatment, in the author's opinion, is the use of 

 serum wherever this material is to be conveniently obtained. Notes are also 

 given on the use of bile and a combination of blood and serum. 



Malarial catarrhal fever (blue tongue) of sheep in South Africa, J. Sprkull 

 (Jour. Compar. I'ath. ami Titer., is (1905), No. ',. />/>■ 321-337, fins. W). — This 

 disease has been recognized in South Africa since 1880, but its nature and 

 etiology were not systematically studied until 1900. The lesions which occur 

 in blue tongue are chiefly confined to the mouth and feet and are accompanied 

 by fever. 



The disease prevails extensively in Cape Colony. Bechuanaland, British Pro- 

 tectorate, and Transvaal. It has been observed that sheep are less susceptible 

 to the disease when the wool is long than when it is short, and some protection 

 is afforded when they are kept in sheds at night. Apparently, therefore, some 

 blood-SUCking insect is concerned in the spread of the disease, since infection 

 does not take place by mere contact. The period of incubation is 2 to 5 days, 

 and the mortality varies from 5 to ."><> per cent 



The author used chlorid of potash with tannic and boric acid as a treatment 

 lor the lesions in the mouth. Rest and cool surroundings are recommended in 

 cases of the disease. Blue tongue may sometimes be prevented from spreading 

 further by removing the herd of sheep to another grazing ground, especially if 



