914 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



this be at a higher altitude. The micro-organism of the disease is believed by 

 the author to be ultrainicroscopic. 



No immunity was produced by the use of bile from affected animals, and this 

 treatment appeared to be somewhat dangerous. The results obtained from 

 the inoculation of blood of recovered animals gave varying results. Apparently 

 such blood gradually becomes more attenuated, and in some instances can be 

 use. I with success. The disease may be transmitted by inoculation to goats 

 and cattle. 



Blue tongue in sheep, A. Theiler (Transvaal Ayr. Jour., 3 (1905), Xo. 12, 

 pp. 685-696). — This is an infectious disease attacking chiefly the mucous mem- 

 branes of the mouth, nose, and intestines, and sometimes causing inflammation 

 of the feet The popular name is derived from the bluish discoloration of the 

 lips, tongue, and gums. 



The disease is quite similar to the so-called catarrhal fever of sheep, but is 

 believed to be specifically distinct. It is distributed quite largely throughout the 

 Transvaal, but does not occur every year to a serious extent. The period of 

 incubation is 4 days and the fever temperature may rise to 107° F. The 

 disease is fatal only in a small percentage of cases, and in these cases the mouth 

 is the seat of the principal lesions. The lungs become edematous and minute 

 blood spots appear under the endocardium. 



The disease appears not to be transmitted by mere contact. It is, however, 

 due to a micro-organism, as shown by the fact that the serum of the blood of 

 affected animals is exceedingly virulent. The micro-organisms, however, appear 

 to be ultramicroscopic. The disease can not be transmitted to horses, but may 

 he transmitted to goats. One attack produces considerable immunity, and the 

 serum of hyperiminunized animals may be used in vaccinating other animals 

 to prevent the development of the disease. 



Scab and its eradication, C. E. Gray (Transvaal Agr. Jour.. .3 (1905). Xo. 12. 

 pp. 669-675, pi. 1). — Hand dressing of sheep infested with scab mite is not 

 recommended. The formula for lime-sulphur dip as proposed by the Department 

 of Agriculture of Cape Colony calls for 25 lbs. of sulphur and 20 lbs. of lime 

 per 100 gal. of water. This dip and the formula recommended by the Bureau 

 of Animal Industry of this Department are both considered effective. 



Infestation of lambs with flies, O. Jordal (Norsk Vet. Tidsskr., 11 (1905), 

 Xo. r>. j>i>. 121-124). — Young lambs are frequently attacked by flies such as Musca 

 cisiir. M. sericata, etc. The extent of this infestation in Holland. Germany, 

 and Norway is briefly indicated. In certain cases favorable results were 

 obtained from the use of turpentine, pyrol, or benzine. 



The characterization of hog cholera group, A. Boh me (Ztschr. Hyg. u. 

 Infectionskrank., 52 (1905). Xo. 1, pp. 91-110). — According to the author's 

 investigations the bacillus of psittacosis belongs with the hog cholera group as 

 well as the true hog cholera bacillus, paratyphoid bacillus, and some of the 

 bacteria of meat poisoning. 



Among the meat-poisoning bacilli the so-called Moorseele bacillus is some- 

 what typical. Serum obtained from animals affected with psittacosis exercises 

 a preventive or slightly immunizing action against all bacilli of the hog cholera 

 group and appears to be more generally effective in this regard than the sera 

 from other organisms belonging to the group. The psittacosis serum also 

 agglutinates typhoid bacilli. 



Heartwater and horse sickness: A new protective inoculation against 

 horse sickness, J. M. Coutts (Jour. Compar. Path, and Tlicr.. IS (1905), Xo. 

 h. Pl>- 331-345). — A report is made on 7 cases of inoculation of horses with 

 heartwater. Heartwater and horse sickness are very similar in appearance. 



