1014 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



actinomyces be placed between Bacteria and Hyphomycetes with four genera — 

 Corynebacteriuni, Actinobacterium, Mycobacterium, and Actinomyces. 



The diagnosis of anthrax by means of cultures, Fischoeder (Fortschr. Vet. 

 Hyg., 3 (1906), No. 10, pp. 217-225, pis. 4)- — According to the author's experiments, 

 which substantiated in some respects previous experiments by other investigators, it 

 appears that under favorable conditions anthrax colonies do not develop in a form 

 sufficiently characteristic to enable their differentiation from colonies of other micro- 

 organisms. In fact a number of other organisms appear to develop at times in 

 colonies almost identical in appearance with those of anthrax. 



The morphological characteristics of anthrax colonies are not specific enough to 

 allow a diagnosis to be made upon that basis alone in practice. It is often necessary, 

 therefore, to resort to inoculation to determine the pathogenic action of suspected 

 material in order to reach a w r ell-founded diagnosis. 



The resistance of granulations to anthrax, R. Giani (Centbl. Bakt. [etc.], 1. 

 AbL, Orig., 40 (1905), No. 2, pp. 238-241).— 'The author found that cultures of 

 anthrax when rubbed on granulating wounds were quite effectively checked in their 

 penetration into the underlying tissues. In a few instances, however, the anthrax 

 bacillus actually penetrated through the granulating tissue. 



The properties of the antianthrax serum of Sclavo, E. Cler (Centbl. Bait. 

 [etc.'], 1. Alt., Orig., 40 (1905), Xo. 2, pp. 241-247, pi. 1).— It w r as found that anthrax 

 bacilli obtained from blood are so affected by the antianthrax serum of Sclavo that 

 they possessed the property of fixing alexins. The author gave particular attention 

 to a study of the relation between white blood corpuscles and the anthrax serum. 



Cultural characters of the blackleg bacillus, T. Smith (Ztschr. Infect iomkrank. 

 u. Hyg. Haustiere, 1 (1905), Xo. 1, pp. 26-31). — The author calls attention to the fact 

 that in his experiments the blackleg bacillus in peptone bouillon without meat, 

 sugar, or any particles of animal organs, sets free from 50 to 100 per cent of the gas 

 from dextrose and lactose but none or very little from saccharose. The composition 

 of this gas was approximately 2 parts hydrogen for 1 of carbon dioxid. Milk coagu- 

 lated within a few days. 



Report on the preparation of rinderpest protective serum, A. Lingard 

 (Calcutta: Supt. Govt. Printing, India, 1905, pp. 116). — Various methods have been 

 used in protecting cattle against rinderpest, and among the schemes of vaccination the 

 author describes those in which use is made of bile, serum and virus, serum alone, 

 defibrinated blood, normal bile, vegetable seeds, extracts from testes, and other 

 reagents. The methods have also been classified as slow or rapid according as the 

 process is hastened or not. 



Of the various methods used at Muktesar on plains' cattle, the best and most 

 economical results were obtained by using the rapid process w T hich consists in inject- 

 ing 6,000 cc. of virulent rinderpest blood. The animal is bled 15 days after the sub- 

 sidence of the inoculation fever and after 78 days is again inoculated and bled. When 

 large doses of virulent rinderpest blood are injected into plains' cattle, a w T eak* or 

 attenuated serum is obtained which sometimes possesses the highest protective power 

 at the first bleeding. The protective value of a serum was found to depend con- 

 siderably on the degree of severity of the initial attack of rinderpest. Apparently 

 there is no constant relation between the protective value of a serum and its specific 

 gravity or the total amount of proteids which it contains. Notes are also given on 

 rinderpest in camels and methods of controlling it. 



Specific papular stomatitis of cattle, a disease resembling aphtha, R. Os- 

 tertag and Bugge (Ztschr. Jnfectionskrank. u. Hyg. Haustiere, 1 (1905), Xo. 1, pp. 

 3-20, pi. 1). — A disease appeared among cattle in Friedrichsfelde during which 

 symptoms developed which closely resembled those of foot-and-mouth disease. The 

 body temperature, however, was only 39° C. No salivation was observed either 

 during or after eating. 





