Y KTKIMN ai:y MEDICINE. 1113 



Danger from ingestion of tubercle bacilli killed by heat, A. Calm kite 

 and M. Bketon I Presse Wed. \ Paris], 1906, No. 15, p. 115), — Young guinea pigs were 

 fed a single dose of 1 to 2 eg. of tubercle bacilli of bovine origin freshly dried and 

 niixt d with potato or carrots. 



In all cases the guinea pigs died of generalized tuberculosis after about 92 days. 

 Further experiments were then made with bacilli which ha<l been heated to a tem- 

 perature of 100° 0. for a period of 5 minutes. In guinea pigs which were fed such 

 material In doses of 1 to 2 eg. infection took place promptlyand death occurred 

 within 37 to 48 days. Bypertrophy of the renal capsules was observed and other 

 lesions resembling those which occur in animal- inoculated with repeated large 

 doses of tuberculin. It appears, therefore, thai tubercle bacilli killed hy heat are 

 not inert bodies for susceptible animals. 



The infectiousness of milk and meat from tuberculous animals, II. Pkki- 

 CAun {Prog. V£t., n. ser. } ?6 | 1906), No. ',, j>/>. IS5-1S7). — Attention is called to the 

 fact that while bovine bacilli are doubtless very virulent for man they are seldom 

 found in the meat of tuberculous animals. Asa rule, therefore, such meat can he 

 used without harm. Milk from tuberculous cows, however, must be considered as 

 dangerous and should he sterilized in some manner before 1>( ing used. 



The frequency of tuberculosis in the dairies of Paris, II. Mabtel {Rev. Soc. 

 Sci. Ih/'j. Aliment, 2 ( 1905), No. 6, pp. 559-563). — Attention has already been called 

 by the health authorities of Paris to the prevalence of tuberculosis among herds 

 which furnish milk for the city. A tuberculin test carried out on 628 cows gave a 

 reaction in 215, or 34.2 per cent, of the animals. < >n account of this large percentage 

 it is urged that the measures prescribed by the health authorities of Paris be carried 

 out strictly and that further precautions be taken to avoid the subsequent contami- 

 nation of stables by the introduction of tuberculous animals or otherwise. 



The lymphocyte and tubercle bacillus, J. Bartel and W. Xia m ann {Cenibl. 

 Bakt. [etc.], 1. AbL, Orig., 40 {1900), No. ■',, pp. 518-587).— It has usually been 

 assumed that the lymphatic organs and glands must exercise more or less influence 

 upon tubercle bacillus for the reason that this bacillus is carried to so large an extent 

 throughout the organism in the lymphatic system and affects in so large a per cent 

 of cases the lymphatic glands. 



Notwithstanding the apparent logical basis for such an assumption the demonstra- 

 tion of any direct influence of the leucocytes upon the tubercle bacillus has proved a 

 difficult matter and in the case of mosl investigations only negative results have been 

 obtained. In the author's experiments this matter was tested in vitro by placing 

 material from the lymphatic glands in cultures of tubercle bacilli. Such material 

 after varying lengths of time was used for further inoculation of experimental animals. 



When the substance of mesenteric glands was used hi such tests it was found that 

 animals inoculated with tin- mixture did not become infected with tuberculosis and 

 showed no infiltration at the point of inoculation or changes in the corresponding 

 lymphatic glands. The substance of the spleen and the lymphatic glands appeals, 

 therefore, to exercise an important influence in combining the toxins of tubercle 

 bacillus in essentially the same manner described hy Brieger, Kitasato, ami others. 

 Tubercle bacilli kept in contact with such material for 22 days were not capable of 

 producing any reaction at the [joint of inoculation. 



Tuberculosis of the spleen in guinea pigs, ('. A.CHABD and P. Em ilk- Weil 

 {Arch. Mid. Expt. el Anat. Path. [Paris], IS {1906), A'-. /, pp. 71-84).— A number of 

 types of splenic lesions were observed in tuberculosis in the guinea pig. The ordi- 

 nary splenic tuberculosis shows small granulations in the slightly congested paren- 

 chyma. In another type the tubercles fuse, causing a filtration of the organ. Hem- 

 orrhagic tuberculosis is also observed in some case-. In this type of the disease the 

 spleen is much enlarged, weighing from "> to 35 gm. 



