VETERINARY MEDICINE. 1117 



the subject of swine diseases wasnol discussed so thoroughly at the recent interna- 

 tional veterinary congress as the diseases of other animals. 



The immunization against swine plague by means of bacterial extracts, 

 J. Citron {Ztschr. Hyg. u. Tnfectionskrank., 52 i t906), No. 9, pp. 988-262).— During a 

 Long scries of experiments it was clearlj sho^ d thai it is possible by means of a Berum 

 obtained from actively immunized rabbits to protect other rabbits, guinea pigs, and 

 white mice againsl doses of bacteria many times the fatal Bize. The serum of normal 

 rabbits in Bmaller quantities did nol increase the resisting power of animal- into 

 which it was inoculated. The author believes, therefore, that the existence of 

 specific complements in the 1>1 1 is shown beyond question. 



Through what agency is the Trypanosoma evansi carried over from one 

 surra season to another? A. LiNGARD [Jour. 'J'i"/>. Vet. ScL, 1 [1906), No. I. />/>. 

 92-112). — Surra is usually fatal in horses, asses, mules, camels, goats, Bheep, rats, 

 dogs, and buffaloes. En cattle, however, both in the plains and hill breed, the dis- 

 ease when uncomplicated frequently terminates in recovery. 



Cattle may carry the blood parasite for long periods, at Leasl exceeding a year, 

 and are, therefore, the only domestic animal.- found by the anther to be capable of 

 resisting spontaneous inoculation with trypanosomiasis. It is important, there!,, re. 

 to determine whether cattle affected with this chronic form of the disease are agents 

 in its transmission. A-a result of the author's investigations it was found that the 

 blood of cattle affected with the chronic form of the disease, when inoculated into 

 susceptible horses, causes fatal cases of trypanosomiasis, and from Buch cases the 

 rapid dissemination of the disease may occur. 



Camels may also carry the disease for from It to 1- month- and their hi 1 i- like- 

 wise pathogenic for horses. It isalso found that dogs and cats are susceptible to the 

 disease carried by camels. It is probable, although not definitely demonstrated, 

 that various other wild carnivorous animals may be the agents in carrying the disease. 

 The most rational system of controlling the disease, in the author's opinion, consists 

 in the destruction of all affected horses in which the disease occurs in a virulent form. 



Tibarsa surra, II. T. Pease {Jour. Trop. Vet. Sci., / {1906), No. I, pp. 70-91).— 

 Camels have long been known to be Busceptible to surra and considerable attention 

 has been given to a study of this disease, with particular reference to it- relation to 

 other similar blood diseases. As a resull of the author's investigations it is concluded 

 that the form of surra which occurs in camels is due to Trypanowma evansi, the same 

 species which occurs in horses. The disease is often found affecting camels, hi I 

 and mules in the same locality and is apparently due to the same cause. 



A specific serum for Trypanosoma brucei and its effect upon T. ganibiense, 

 F. K. Klbine and B. Mollers {Ztschr. Hyg. ". Tnfectionskrank., 52 {1906), No. 9, pp. 

 ?29-2S7). — A serum was obtained from asses infected with '/'. /-/•",-, /, which protected 

 mice against fatal doses of this organism. It was observed, however, that the serum 

 did not protect the animal from which it was obtained. Actively immunized trypa- 

 nosomes inoculated into normal animals soon lost their immunizing property, so that 

 a specific serum was found to he more active in tin- case of such animals. The Berum 

 showed considerable difference in its effect upon '/'. brucei and T. gambiense. 



The action of brilliant green on the trypanosomes of nagana, II. Wbndbl- 

 sTADTandT. Fellmeb [Ztochr. Hyg. u. Infectwnskrank., 52 I 1906), No. 9, pp. 963-281, 

 i>L l). — Brilliant green was administered Bubcutaneously in doses of 1 vc in solution 

 in the proportion of 1 r200. 



It was found that when experimental animals were thus treated the trypanosomes 

 in the blood were soon affected to such an extent that they would not cause infec- 

 tion when inoculated into another animal. In the course of time brilliant green 

 causes the entire disappearance of trypanosomes in the blood of rat-, monkeys, and 

 other experimental animals. The addition of small quantities of arsenic increases 



