1192 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



obtained with sodium bicarbonate. The action of tannic acid, however, when given 

 as a drench in doses of \ oz. appeared to be quite satisfactory. 



Suggestions as to dipping sheep {Jour. Bd. Agr. [London'], 12 (1906), No. 11, 

 pp. 678-681). — Directions are given for cleaning dipping tanks and catching pens, 

 mixing dips, trimming the wool, and related matters, together with notes on the 

 proper time of dipping and on the repetition of the process. 



Infectious broncho-pneumonia of lambs, E. Thierry (Jour. Agr. Prat., n. ser., 

 11 (1906), Xo. 4, pp. 110-112). — Opportunity was had for studying a rather serious 

 outbreak of pleuro-pneumonia of lambs. As a result of this study it appears that the 

 disease is of bacterial origin, although the micro-organism was not isolated. In con-> 

 trolling the disease the usual procedure in cases of infections is recommended, viz, 

 isolation of diseased animals and thorough disinfection. 



Further notes on the pathogenic organism of pneumonia and its biology, 

 Lorenz (Berlin. Tierarztl. Wchnschr., 1906, No. 9, )>/>. 145-147, figs. 3). — As reported 

 in previous articles by the author, an organism was found in the skin of horses 

 affected with pneumonia several days after recovery. 



This organism was obtained under the observation of the strictest rules of asepsis 

 and proved to be a streptococcus when cultivated on artificial nutrient media. The 

 streptococcus appears to develop from minute rods. This organism when used in inocu- 

 lation reproduces the disease. The author believes as a result of a further study of 

 this organism that it is really a plasmodium or sporozoan, which may be observed in 

 various forms, such as spores and rods, which may unite to form streptococcus. 



The demonstration of the organism of pneumonia in horses and its 

 biology, Lorenz (Berlin. Tierarztl. Wchnschr., 1906, No. 7, pp. 113-115, figs. 8). — On 

 account of the irregular manner in which an outbreak of pneumonia usually pro- 

 gresses in a herd of horses it has been assumed by many investigators that the organ- 

 ism of this disease must require an intermediate host, and in this connection flies 

 have been suggested. 



The author finds, however, that the organism persists for a long time in the sub- 

 cutaneous tissue. It has been found in considerable numbers in such locations and 

 kept in pure cultures. When the virus thus obtained was inoculated into rabbits, 

 cocci were found in the blood 20 hours after inoculation. Since the organism 

 described by the author appears to be the true cause of pneumonia, it is believed that 

 a method of vaccination can now be readily devised which will protect animals 

 against the disease. 



Pleuro-pneumonia, Mouquet (Bui. Soc. Cent. Med. Vet., 83 (1906), No. 4, pp. 

 114-117). — Notes are given on the symptoms of pleuro-pneumonia in horses in which 

 septic edema occurred and an ammoniacal fermentation in the thoracic cavity. A 

 study was made of the reaction and chemical properties of the serous fluid in the 

 pleural cavity and the gases developed by the ammoniacal fermentation in this fluid 

 Were studied. 



Experiments with contagious coryza, with especial reference to the immu- 

 nization of rabbits against this disease, J. Ludwig ( Monatsh. Prakt. Tierheilh, 

 17 (1906), No. 7-8, pp. 289-321).— The literature on this disease is critically reviewed 

 in connection with a short bibliography. 



It appears from experimental work carried out by the author that rabbits may be 

 actively immunized against contagious coryza. A number of methods are successful 

 in accomplishing this result, but the best seems to be found in the use of cultures 

 killed by means of heat or by the use of iodin trichlorid. The active immunization 

 may be brought about rapidly and may be carried to a high degree by repeated inoc- 

 ulations. The organism of contagious coryza is practically nonvirulent for rabbits 

 when inoculated hypodermically, but in intraperitoneal injections it rapidly produces 

 death. From the blood of rabbits thus immunized a serum may be obtained which 

 will protect other animals from infection. 



