1224 president's address. 



which it is shown that a vast period of time must have elapsed 

 between the upheaval with much faulting and contortion of the 

 lower beds and the deposition of the upper. The former contain 

 no fossils, but are regarded as presilurian. 



By Mr. C. Winnecke, lists of plants from Central Australia and 

 near Sturt's Range, examined by Baron v. Mueller. 



By Mr S. Dixon, on indigenous shrubs of S. Australia suitable 

 for fodder, in which, besides the well-known Salsolacese, such 

 unlikely genera as Bodoncea, Geijera, Bursaria and Pittosporum 

 are mentioned as supplying valuable forage. 



By Mr. W. A. Jones, on Iridescent Clouds, distinguishing 

 them from ordinary halos and fragmentary rainbows. 



By Mr. Gavin Scoular, on a Glacial Period in S. Australia, 

 referring the phenomena which support such a view to the last 

 period of extreme eccentricity between 240,000 and 80,000 years 

 ago, but restricting the ice action to the drift of icebergs from the 

 south. 



Professor Tate, in rejoinder, argues that the evidences of glacier 

 action in S. Australia are numerous and pronounced, and reach as 

 low as the present sea level ; that the glacial phenomena were not 

 local, but are attributable to those cosmic causes which produced 

 glaciation at a more recent period in the northern hemisphere ; 

 that the extension of the subaerial deposits of the glacial period 

 below sea level demand elevation of the land at the period of 

 their accumulation corresponding in amount at least with that of 

 their present submergence ; that the relationship of the Post 

 Miocene faunas and floras of the continent was closer with those of 

 the large adjacent insular masses than that which now obtains, and 

 that this was probably furnished by elevation of the sea bed ; and 

 finally that the present arid zone of Central Australia was during 

 the glacial period a region of copious rainfall, of fresh water seas 

 and perennial rivers, and served as the line of migration of the 

 eastern species of south-western generic types, and vice versa. 



