18 A MONOGRAPH OF THE AUSTRALIAN SPONGES, 



The whole surface is greatly roughened in consequence of 

 papillse, which stand very close projecting from it all over the 

 Sponge. (Fig. 13, 11.) 



These papillte are spherical, 1 mm. in diameter, and attached to 

 the Sponge surface with a broad base, which is slightly smaller 

 than the equatorial diameter. They appear as f of spheres and 

 stand so close to one anothei-, that the spaces between them are 

 always smaller than their own diameter. In some parts of the 

 surface they even touch. 



In internal structure this Sponge shows an aberrant peculiarity. 



The spicules are of two kinds as in the foregoing and the following 

 species. There are spherical spicules with short, sharp conic spines ; 

 and stellate spicules with slender, conic, serrated spines fig (15-16). 



The spherical spicule measures 0*019 mm., across, the spines 

 000-3 X 0*002 mm. The stellate sjncule 0*013 mm., across, the 

 spines 0*008 x 0*0015 mm. 



Both kinds of spicules are met with, scattered throughout the 

 whole of the Sponge rather scarce. In the papillae however the 

 spicules are massed (fig, 14) so that the distance between the 

 spicules is about equal to their diametei*. The spicules lie here 

 three or four layers deep. In this part of the Sponge the spherical 

 spicules predominate very much over the stellate ones. In the 

 Pulpa the difference in number of the two is slight. If there 

 is any perceptible difference the stellate form predominates. 



The colour of this species in spirits is a uniform light melange or 

 brown. The interior has the same colour as the surface, only in a 

 lighter shade. 



Locality : East Coast of Australia, Port Jackson, Ramsay. 

 58. SPECIES. CHONDRILLA CORTICATA. Nov. spec. Fig. 17-20. 



This species is characterized by its extremely hard outer surface. 



It has as yet only been found in the shape of rather thin lamellfe, 

 which are peculiarly bent and curved so as generally to attain the 

 shape of a cup (fig. 17). 



