84 THE PHORIOSPONGIiE. 



direction. I believe that the flesh-spicules in the Plioriospongise 

 and horny Sponges on the one hand, and those of the silicifibred 

 Sponges on the other have been produced inde])endantly of each 

 other. 



Some of the flesh-spicules described by Marshall (I.e.) are very 

 common. So particularly ^-'^^ (1), I have found them in seven 

 species of horny sponges. The Parallelapipeds of Marshall I have 

 however, not found anywhere, not even in those specimens which 

 I refer to Phoriospongia solida Marshall, in which Sponge Marshall 

 has found them. I am rather inclined to think that they may have 

 nothing to do with the Sponge. Marshall describes also tr ac and 

 tr° ac in various shapes. I have not found the latter in any other 

 specimens than those which I refer to Marshall's species. 



Besides these I have found tr- of various dimensions in three 

 species. In two also a spicule which although anchorate can be 

 considered as rut rut. 



One species is characterized by spicules tr ac sp and in one I 

 have found spicules with three equal rays similar to those described 

 by F. E. Schulze of the Plakinidte. 



(1) I use for the spicules the signs proposed by Vosmaer (Bronn Classen 

 unci Ordnungen des Thierreiches. Band II ; u a 0) instead of the long 

 and equally unpronouncable and unpractical names. 



