BY D. McALPINE. 487 



3. Anteanaria. — ^The spoi'es here are the characteristic feature. 

 They are simple, oval to ovate, with granular contents, and usually 

 2-guttulate, so that they are distinct from any of the others. The 

 capsules are too variable in shape and size to be relied on for 

 distinction, and they have a net-like surface like the preceding 

 form, but they are often borne laterally on a filament. 



-t. Ceralo-pycnidia. — When fully developed they are distin- 

 guished from the preceding forms by being, very much elongated 

 and often bi'anched, and the regular pattern of their walls; and 

 from the pycnidia proper by the naked, round or oval mouth- 

 opening, but mainly by their contents. The simple, hyaline, rod- 

 like minute spores distinguish the two forms at once. 



5. Pycnidia. — The jDycnidia proper, as already indicated, are 

 distinguished by their usually fringed mouth opening and the 

 coloured tri-septate pycnospores. 



6. Perithecia. — The jDerithecia are distinguished from all the 

 others by containing asci accompanied by paraphyses. They 

 sometimes closely resemble spermogonia, although I was generally 

 able to distinguish them by their sea-green or sage-green colour. 

 However, with the exception of the glomeruli, the various repro- 

 ductive bodies are so variable in size, shape and colour, that the 

 nature of the contents must always be relied upon for final 

 determination. 



Connection tvitlt scale or other insects. — It is generally believed 

 that this fungus is a saprophyte, since it does' not penetrate the 

 leaf in any way, and consequently does not extract nourishment 

 from it. It must live at the expense of something else, and this 

 is supposed to be the honey-dew secreted by certain insects, and 

 associated with which it is invariably found. As a matter of fact 

 I have never found "Sooty Mould" without the accompaniment of 

 scale insects, and they secrete a sweet fluid known as honey-dew. 

 Maskell, in his woi'k on New Zealand Scale Insects, writes : — 

 " In many cases they exude, in the form of minute globules, a 

 whitish, thick, gummy secretion, answering probably to the 

 ' honey-dew ' of the Aphididte. This secretion drops from them 

 on to the plant, and from it grows a black fungus, which soon 



