1903.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 533 



r. Anal spines 4 to 9, (Cichldsoma). 



rr. Anal spines 10 to 11 (Archocentrus). 



qq. Lower lip without frenum, forming a free fold for its whole length, 



12. Heros. 

 1171. Upper jaw projecting. Anal spines four. Cleft of mouth short. 

 Scales on cheek small, in more than 5 series, . 13. Theraps. 

 mm. Head entirely naked. Scales of nape very small, extending to 

 the occipital region. Scales large, lateral line 24+15. Mouth 

 large. Nares very minute, at the tip of the snout. Gill-mem- 

 branes united to the isthmus; gill-rakers small, 



14. BOGGIANIA.^*' 



II. Ventrals in front of origin of dorsal 15. [Mesoxauta. 



ff. Vertical limb of preopercle serrate. 



s. Jaws equal. Scales rather large, those of the lateral line equal 

 ordinary scales in size. 



t. Body short and deep as in Astronotvs. . . . 16. Crenicara. 



tt. Body elongate, as in Crenicichla, 17. Dicrossus. 



ss. Lower jaw much projecting. Mouth wide, snout depressed. Fewer 

 scales on the lateral line than in the series just above it, 



18. Crenicichla. 



hh. First gill-arch wdth a downward projecting lobe on its upper limb, 

 the rakers carried on the free margin of this limb (eggs carried 

 in the gill chamber). 



u. Preorbital not deeper than eye. Eye equidistant from tip of snout 



and upper angle of gill-opening, .... 19. Biotodoma." 



iiu. Preorbital in adult prolonged, much deeper than the eye. Eye 



placed high, much nearer upper angle of gill-opening than tip 



of snout, 20. Geophagus. 



V. Base of dorsal fin without scales, . . . .21. (Satanoperca), 



vv. Base of dorsal scaled, 22. (Geophagus). 



aa. Soft portion of dorsal longer than spinous portion. 



w. First gill-arch with a downward projecting lobe above, as in Geo- 

 phagus. Anal spines 3, dorsal spines 7 or 8. Body very long. 



Preopercle entire 23. Biotcecus." 



ivw. First gill-arch normal. Body short and deep. 



X. Gill-rakers obsolete. Anal s])ines 6 to 10. Covered with small 

 ctenoid scales. Soft dorsal and anal scaly. Teeth small, occu- 

 pying only the symphyseal portion of jaw. ^Mouth small, very 



oblique, 24. Symphysodon. 



XX. Gill-rakers setiform. Anal spines six, graduated. Narrow 

 bands of teeth in the jaws. Mouth small, oblique. Anterior 



^'' Boggiania, Perugia, Di Alcuni Pesci RaccoJti nelV alto Paraguay, 2, 1897 

 (ocellata) . 



This genus is by Perugia considered to be closely related to Crenicichla, but if 

 his description is correct it is very different from this genus or any other genus of 

 this family. 



^^ Biolodoma, new for Mesops, which is preoccupied in Coleop., 1820. ,im-og 

 living A<)//rt^ a home, in allusion to their habit of carrying the young in the gills. 



^^ New for Saraca, preoccupied in Lepid. 186.5, 'jiio-oq, living, niKoi: house, a 

 home; in allusion to their habit of carrying their young in their gills. 



