670 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Oct.;, 



Fruiting scapes 110 mm. Total length of leaves 180-320 mm., width 

 20-30 mm. Stolons 100 mm. in length on some plants bearing typical 

 leaves and minute cleistogenes. 



Viola sekirkii "Pursh" Goldie, which in foliage and general appear- 

 ance resemble the hlanda group, but differs in its pale blue flowers, 

 grows plentifully in damp rocky situations in the hemlock forests of 

 Sullivan and Wyoming counties, Pennsylvania, on the North Moun- 

 tain; and has also been found in Monroe and Somerset counties 

 (Porter). 



6. Viola papilionacea Pursh. (PI. XXXII, fig. i; PI. XXXVIII, fig. iii ) 



Viola papiliono.cea Pursh, 1814, Flor. Amer. Sept., I, p. 173. 

 Viola communis Pollard, 189S, Bob. Gazette, XXVI, p. 3.36 {nee Wittrock). 

 Viola domestica Bicknell, 1898, in Britton and Bro^vn, 111. Flora, III, p. 519. 

 Viola ohliqua Britton and Brown, 1898, III. Flora, II, p. 447 {nee Hill). 



Range. — The commonest violet through eastern Pennsylvania and 

 New Jersey, though apparently not found on the higher Alleghanies, 

 or in the pine barrens. 



Habitat. — Meadows, fields, fence-rows, etc., also in low woodland. 



Description. — Early flowering plant. Sherwood, Philadelphia, 

 April 10, 1903. No. 5,119, Herb. W. S. Root-stalk thick and ribbed. 

 Flower 20 mm. wide, deep violet-purple ("violet" of Ridgway's 

 Nomenclature of Colors), the petals white at the base, the lower and 

 lateral ones with dark lines, the latter also with a round patch of 

 white hairs which is confined to the white basal area, other petals 

 glabrous ; the two upper ones usually recurved ; sepals ovate-lanceo- 

 late, rather blunt; scape glabrous, 60 mm. long. Leaves cucullate, 

 cordate in outline and distinctly crenatc, 25x30 mm., glabrous; 

 petiole pubescent on convex side, 40 mm. in length. 



Later flowering plant. Media, Delaware county, Pennsylvania, April 

 26, 1903. No. 5,121, Herb. W. S. Exactly like the last, but leaves 

 40 X 50, petioles 80 mm., and scapes 100 mm. 



Fruiting specimen. iMedia, June 4, 1903. No.5.122, Herb. W. S. 

 Leaves somewhat doubly crenate, 110 x 120 mm., petiole 275 mm., 

 otherwise as before, fruiting scapes 80 mm. (apparently from cleisto- 

 genes). Other specimens, Sherwood, May 17, 1903, have cleistogenes 

 in all stages of development on decurved peduncles 20 mm. in length, 

 leaves 80 x 90 mm. 



The general tendency in old leaves is to become widespread at the 

 base, as contrasted with the narrow sinus of the early flowering season ; 

 and I can see no other character in V. domestica Bicknell that is not 

 attributable to the rich soil of cultivated ground. ^lany other 



