1903.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 727 



DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW, LITTLE KNOWN, AND TYPICAL ATHERINID^E. 

 BY HENRY W. FOWLER. 



The material on which the present paper is based is all contained 

 in the collections of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 



ATHBRINID^. 

 Subfamily Atherininse. 



Premaxillaries freely protractile, skin not continuous with that of 

 forehead. 



ATHERINA Linnaeus. 

 Subgenus ATHERINA Linnaeus. 



Type Atherina hepsdiis Linnaeus. 

 Rami of mandible elevated inside of mouth. 



Atherina lacustris Bonaparte. 



Fauna Italica, Pesc, III, xvii, xviii, 1836, descr., PI. 91, fig. 3. Albano, 



Nemi. [Lakes in Italy.] Bonaparte, Cat. Met. Pesc. Europ., 1846, 



p. 57. Lace. Nem. Alb. Bols. [No descr.] 



Head 4i; depth Q^; D. VIII-1, 10; A. I, 12; P. 1, 12; V. I, 5; scales 

 48 to base of caudal; 21 before spinous dorsal; 10 between latter and 

 base of ventral; width of head 2 in its length; depth of head 1^; 

 snout 4; eye 3; maxillary 2^; interorbital space 34; pectoral If: ven- 

 tral If ; caudal peduncle from last dorsal ray a little shorter than head ; 

 least depth of caudal peduncle 4. 



Body elongate, slender and greatest depth about base of ventral 

 fin. Side compressed, somewhat flattened. Caudal peduncle elongate, 

 compressed, and least depth near base of caudal. 



Head elongate, rather deep, and blunt in front. Width of head pos- 

 terior to eyes much wider than anterior portion and a little wider than 

 any portion of trunk. Sides of head compressed, somewhat con- 

 stricted below. Snout above, and interorbital space, flattened, and 

 with three low longitudinal ridges, but not extending posteriorly be- 

 yond eyes. Top of head posterior to eyes convex. Snout rather large, 

 conic, not much broader than deep. Eye rather large, anterior, 

 hardly impinging on upper profile. Mouth moderately large, oblique, 

 and lower jaw protruding. ^Taxillary narrow, reaching below front 



