1903.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 671 



species will become distinctly ranker than the wild plant when trans- 

 ferred to rich garden soil. 



The above descriptions of V. papilionacea are taken froni two colonies 

 only. Many others examined agreed with them exactly in leaf char- 

 acters, but a further examination may show some variation in shape 

 of petals, extent of pubescence, etc., which I have not yet detected. 

 The petals are usually recurved, sometimes very markedly so, as in 

 specimens from the hilly woods bordering the Schuylkill at Gladwyn 

 in which they are quite long and narrow. Woodland plants have 

 usually bluer flowers. 



As to the proper name for this species, I agree with Prof. Greene and 

 Mr. Pollard in their latest decision that papilionacea Pursh is the earli- 

 est name based upon the present plant. It has a further advantage in 

 apparently never having been used by subsequent authors for any 

 other species, a decided point in its favor! 



7. Viola papilionacea subsp. 



I have found in dry upland woodland on Crum creek, Delaware 

 county, a quite distinct ally of V. papilionacea, with a lighter root- 

 stalk and more delicate foliage. Leaves more acuminate and rather 

 more coarsely crenate, glabrous except for minute silvery appressed 

 hairs scattered along the veins above; petioles glabrous, 180 mm. long; 

 cleistogenes horizontal, not recurved ; scapes 60 mm. in length. Only 

 having fruiting specimens. May 17, 1903, No. 5,126, Herb., W. S., I 

 am unable as yet to properly describe this form. Prof. Greene regards 

 it as a distinct species. 



8. Viola affinis Le Conte. (PI. XXXI, fig. ii.) 



Viola .I.Jims Le Conte, 1828, Ann. T.yc. N. Y., II, p. 138. 



Viola ohliqua Pollard, 1901, in Britton's Manual, p. 636 {nee Hill). 



i^angre.— Southeastern Pennsylvania and southern New Jersey ex- 

 clusive of the pine barrens, apparently not extending to the mountains. 



Habitat. — Rich woodlands. 



Description. — Early flowering plant. Sherwood, Philadelphia, April 

 19, 1903. No. 5,103, Herb. W. S. Flowers 20 mm. in diameter, pale 

 Hlac ("lilac" of Ridgway), deepening into blue just at the junction with 

 the white throat, darker purple veins on lower and lateral petals, 

 bearding on lateral petals not entirely confined to the white area, but 

 extending a little way on to the blue; lower petals slightly hairy at 

 base; sepals ovate-lanceolate, acuminate; scapes 60-70 mm. long, 

 glabrous. Leaves rather light green, somewhat cucullate; cordate, or 



