1903.]' NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 673 



9. Viola cucullata Ait. (PL XXXII, fig. ii; PI. XXXVIII, fig. iv.) 



Viola cucullata Alton, 1789, Hortus Kewensis, III, p. 288. 



Range. — ^Apparently throughout Pennsylvania and New Jersey, 

 except the pine barrens, though the relative range of this and the two 

 follo-^dng has still to be worked out. One form at least occurs in the 

 higher Alleghanies. 



Habitat. — Swamps and wet meadows, often growing in the water in 

 spring heads and shallow ditches. Plentiful about Philadelphia. 



Description. — Flowering plant. Tinicum, Delaware county, Penn- 

 sylvania, May 9, 1903. No. 5,128, Herb. W. S. Flowers 20-25 mm. 

 broad, pale blue ("campanula blue" of RidgwajO becoming darker 

 toward the throat, which is white; lower and lateral petals lined with 

 pm'ple, the former glabrous, the latter with restricted patches of white 

 beard; sepals rather long, lanceolate, acuminate; scapes glabrous, 150- 

 180 mm. long. Leaves cucullate, cordate-ovate, crenate, glabrous, 

 35 X 45 mm. (the earliest more nearly orbicular, 25 x 30) ; petioles 80-90 

 mm., glabrous; peduncles of cleistogenes already 20 mm. in length. 



Fruiting plant. Tinicum, May 23, 1903. No. 5,129, Herb. W. S. 

 Leaves strongly cucullate, with very minute silvery hairs scattered 

 along the veins above, otherwise glabrous; coarsely but regularly 

 crenate, 70 x 75 mm. ; petioles 260 mm. 



Fruiting scapes and cleistogenes 225-300 mm. long. Some later 

 fruiting cleistogenes (June 28) have peduncles 350 mm. in length. 



This species is distinguished by its very long flower scapes and the 

 enormous length attained by both scapes and petioles in fruiting 

 plants. The cleistogenes are strictly erect, and the blades of the leaves 

 never reach the size of V. papilionacea; the blue, not purple, flowers 

 are also characteristic. The tv/o races which follow are closely re- 

 lated, and have not yet been studied from very large series. Think- 

 ing the specimens I had might be different from V. cucullata — especially 

 No. 5,132 — I submitted them to Prof. Greene, and he identified them 

 as his new species V. macrotis and V. leptosepala. 



10. Viola cucullata macrotis (Greene). 



Viola macrotis Greene, 1902, Pittonia, V, p. 97. 

 Range. — Shady swampy spots in western New Jersey, between the 

 pine barrens and the Delaware; doubtless elsewhere as well. 



Description. — Flowering plants, Medford, New Jersey, May 5, 1903. 

 No. 1004, Herb. W. S. Similar to cucullata, but flowers larger; 

 petals very broad ; leaves usually with larger blades, less cucullate and 

 thinner; sepals minutely ciliate on. the margins, and scapes and petioles 

 often with a few scattered hairs. 

 43 



