G80 ' PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Oct., 



had not Dr. Britton been unfortunate in selecting for it a name already 

 used for a foreign species, it would have no synonyms. The foliage 

 represents the extreme of the palmately cut species ; some leaves have 

 the central lobe wider than the others, but the narrow lobes are the rule, 

 and I have yet to see an uncut leaf even among the earliest, though 

 such a reversion is quite likely to occur occasionally in any of these 

 violets. In the uniformly colored flowers and tall, erect cl^istogcnes, 

 this species departs widely from all the foregoing. 



In the Springdale colony are one or two stocks which look decidedly 

 different, though obviously hrittoniana in whole or in part — if we admit 

 the possibility of occasional hybridism. These have the lobes of the 

 leaves less deeply cut, the central lobe much wider than the others, 

 and altogether recall strongly the extreme forms of V. emarginata (PL 

 XXXVI, fig. v) . The leaf is too roimd in outline for that species, but the 

 ■resemblance shows how curiously interrelated these acaulescent violets 

 are and what cases of parallel development occur. V. brittoniana X T". 

 cucidlata would, to my mind, produce just such a plant as this, and at 

 this spot they both occur intermingled. On the other hand, it may 

 equally as well be regarded as an aberrant form of V. brittoniana. 

 The small number of plants and the association with large numbers of 

 the other species should, to my mind, deter any one from naming 

 such a form as this, but I fear they have not always done so in the 

 past. 



20. Viola pedata Linn. 



Viola pedata Linnreus, 1753, Sp. Plant., p. 933. 

 Viola multifida Mill., 1768, Diet., 8 ed. (fide Greene). 

 Viola pedata atropurpurea "Raf." D. C, 1824, Prodr., I, p. 291. 

 Viola pedata bicolor "Pursh," "Raf." D. C, 1824, Prodr., I, p. 291 (in syn- 

 onymy). 



Range. — I have found this species only near Mortonville, Chester 

 county, Pennsylvania, but have heard of it from other points in this 

 county and Delaware. In Britton's New Jersey Catalogue it is recorded 

 from Phillipsburg, Belvidere and Oxford. 



Habitat. — Dry sandy banks. 



Description. — Without satisfactory material, I may merely say that 

 this differs from the next in having the upper petals deep velvety 

 purple. There may be other differences, but I am not prepared to 

 discuss them. I must confess, however, "that I have much doubt 

 whether this is really a distinct form from the next, as they grow so 

 intimately intermingled. In case it is regarded as an individual 

 variation only, then the name pedata will cover them both. 



