758 NATURAL SCIENCE. dec. 



figures and descriptions by which each family is illustrated. There 

 is still room for almost boundless speculation, and even when we 

 have duly digested Sir John's classical work, we are fain to admit 

 with Klebs that the diversity in form, and its biological significance, 

 is often still a riddle, though here and there some light has been 

 thrown on its solution. 



A. B. Rendle. 



EXPLANATION OF FIGURES. 



N.B. — f indicates a cotyledon. — The numbers in Figs. 8, 9, and 23 indicate 

 the order of development of the leaves. 



-Seedling of Opuntia occidentalis. (Nat. size.) 



Do. Echinocactus viridescens. (Nat. size.) Cot. indicates one of the minute 



cotyledons. 

 Do. Matthiola incaiia. (Nat. size.) 

 Do. M. bicornis. (Nat. size.) 

 Do. j^scliynoniene aspera. (x 2.) 

 Do. Indigofera aiistralis. (Two-thirds nat. size.) C indicates the place 



from which the cotyledons have dropped. 

 Do. Pucraria thungbcrgiana. (Nat. size.) 

 Do. Ceratoccphulusjakatus. (Nat. size.) 

 Do. lianiiuailus arvensis. (Half nat. size.) 

 Do. Sapindiis inaqualis. (Half nat. size.) S, ^seed containing the 



cotyledons. 

 Do. Chukiasp. Showing different stages, (x 2.) 



Do. Strcptocarpus (hybrid). A, B, and C, X 5. D, older seedling, Nat. 

 size. F L, first leaf, developed from one of the cotyledons. C, the other 

 cotyledon. S L, second leaf. 

 13. — Galium aparine, ^erm\n2,\.\on. (x 4.) 

 14. — G. Stiff /una/«;«, germination, (x 4.) 

 15. — P/««s r/X'/^rt, germination, (x 2.) 

 16. — Chenopodiitm bonus-heniicus. (x 8.) A, vertical ; B, transverse section of seed ; 



showing cotyledons and radicle. 

 17. — Sycamore (Acer pscudo-platanus). (Nat. size.) Fruit and embryo, showing two 



modes (A and B) of arrangement of the cotyledons. 

 18. — Seedhngs of Biassica oleracea. A(x 4) cotyledons still folded; B (x 3).. 



cotyledons spread, 

 ig. — Section through embryo of Geranium, showing mode of folding of cotyledons. 

 20.— -A. longitudinal section of fruit of the lime (Tilia) (x 4) ; Pc, Pericarp; O T.. 

 outer ; I T, inner coat of seed ; H, hilum ; Ch, chalaza ; P, endosperm ; 

 C, cotyledons ; A O, aborted ovules. B, seedling. (Nat. size.) 



21. — Seedling of Clematis recta. (Nat. size.) 

 22 ~ 



23 

 24 



25 

 26 

 27 

 28 

 29 

 30 

 31 



— Stages in germination of Sf/n>o/f/rt/o« ivalkeri. (x 2J.) 

 — Seedling of Viola tricolor. (Nat. size.) 



— Do. V. palustris. (Nat. size.) 



— Do. Li)iummonogvnum. (Nat. size.) 



— Do. Olea cuspidata. (Two-thirds nat. size.) 



— Do. Ulex europaus. (Nat. size ) 



— Do. Acacia verticillata. (Half nat. size.) 

 — Pod of Medicago orbicularis, with seeds germinating, (x 2.) 

 — Germinating seed ol Ardisia japonica, showing six embryos, (x 2.) 

 — Longitudinal sections of fruit of F;7)i»/n»H in three stages. (x 5.) R, raphe ; 



Ch, chalaza. 

 32. — Commencement of germination of Scabtosa australis. (x 6.) 

 33. — Do. do. do. S Gramuiitia. (x 4) 



34. — Seedling of Casuarina. (Nat. size.) 

 35. — Do. Ephedra vulgaris. (Two-thirds nat. size.) 

 36. — Alisma plantago, stages in germination. A, B, and C,'x 8; D, x 4 ; E, nat^ 



size ; F, nat. size ; C, cotyledon. 



For the illustrations we are indebted to the courtesy of Sir John Lubbock, 

 Bart., and of Messrs. Kegan Paul, Trench, Triibner Sc Co. 



