140 A MONOGRAPH OF THE AUSTRALIAN SPONGES, 



It is remarkable that in the Australian waters, sponges corres- 

 ponding to Miklouho-Maclay's descriptions are very common, and 

 that this sponge is just as polymorphic here as Miklouho-Maclay's 

 specimens from the White Sea. Among the thousands of 

 Australian sponge individuals I have examined nearly the half 

 correspond to Yeluspa Miklouko-Maclay. 



He also (I.e.) dwells on other sponges of varying shape. 



In the same year Harting (93) described Poterion, the giant 

 among sponges. 



Carter (94) describes several new species. 



In 1872, Pagenstecher (95) published a historical introduction 

 to our knowledge of the spongida. 



In the same year appeared Haeckel's Monograph of the 

 Calcareous Sponges (96) in three volumes, with 60 plates. He 

 hopes by the accurate study of one group of animals to render 

 " den analytischen Beweis von der gemeinsamen Descendenz aller, 

 einer solchen Gruppe zugehorigen Species." 



This well-known work may be considered as a model of a 

 scientific zoological book. The philosophical deductions are clever, 

 often brilliant, the classification is simple and clear, and the plates 

 show the artistic sense of the author. 



The scientific facts contained therein are similar to those 

 published previously by the same author. 



Whilst this publication settled all doubt about the Coelenterate- 

 nature of the sponges in Germany ; English and American authors 

 continue to publish papers to prove that the sponges are Protozoa. 

 Carter (97) calls the cells in the walls of the ciliated chambers 



(93). P. Harting. Memoire sur cle ginre Poterion. Naturk. Verhandel- 

 Utrechtsch. Genoatsch 1870, p. 1 . 



(94). H. Carter. Ann. Mag. (Series 4), Vol. VIII, p. 1 ; Vol. VIII., 

 p. 99 ; Vol. IX., p. 409 ; Vol. XII., p. 349. 



(95). H. Pagenstecher. Zur Kenntniss der Schwdmme I. Geschichtliche 

 Einleitunij . Verhandl. Verein Heidelberg VI., 1872, Seite. 1. 



(96). E Haeckel. Die Kalkschwamme 3 Biinde, Berlin, 1872. 



(97). H. Carter. Developement of the Murine tiponyes. Ann. Mag., Vol. 

 XIV., p. 321, 3S9. 



