BY E. HAVILAND. 451 



mouth of the indusium wide open, exposing the stigma inside, as 

 though it were at the bottom of an open bag ; the whole wrapt up 

 carefully and securely in the folds of the corolla. Great care is 

 requisite in this dissection, as the anthers, even at this stage, are 

 full of pollen, though not ripe ; and being exceedingly delicate 

 they are liable to be broken and the pollen lodged on the stigma, 

 which would lead to a- wrong conclusion as to its mode of 

 fertilization. Now, if we examine a flower a little more open, but 

 yet not fully expanded, we shall find this state of things quite 

 altered. The style will now be much longer than the stamens, the 

 corolla (as I have already said) divided into two principal lobes, 

 the upper and smaller one again divided almost to its base ; the 

 lower one thrice divided, though not so low down ; the stamens, 

 no longer occupying, (as is usual in most other flowers,) the inside 

 of the corolla, but escaping through the open division of the upper 

 lobe, close to its base ; and generally growing out and away from 

 it ; often at a right angle to it. The style will also be found 

 outside the coi'olla ; but more erect and nearer to the back of the 

 lobe ; while the indusium is either quite closed, or nearly so ; 

 the deep ciliate fringe over its mouth, assisting to shelter the 

 enclosed stigma. Taking now a mature and fully expanded flower 

 we shall find the stamens still outside, and usually bent farther 

 away from the corolla ; the anthers all open, and the pollen either 

 in abundance, or, in some cases, past that stage, all gone, and the 

 anthers shrivelled. The style however has become very long in 

 proportion to the stamens, and inclined still more to the corolla ; 

 until at last, the stigma covered by the indusium has re-entered it, 

 through the same passage by which it had passed out, the division 

 of the upper lobe. The re-entrance of the stigma into the corolla 

 is the more readily effected, since at a short distance below it, the 

 style is bent nearly at a right angle, just as though a tobacco pipe 

 were held erect with its bowl upwards, then the stem would 

 represent the style, and the bowl the indusium, enclosing the 

 stigma. 



The stigma is now, not only out of the reach of the anthers and 

 pollen of its own flower by its relatively elevated position ; but it 



