Notes on some Bushman Crania and Bones. 



239 



skulls was 72-6, and the value of ^ for this group was '07. The 



difference between the Bushman and Eastern Bantu averages is — 

 75-7 - 72-6 = 3-1. 

 The value of— 



x/s-'-f =y-o4^--07^y-ii 



•33. 



So that the difference of the averages is nearly ten times greater 

 than the value of the range of even chances that the cause of the 

 difference is a random selection, which makes the odds against this 

 explanation many millions to one. 



The limit, 3 /— j. — , in this case '99, was much exceeded, so 



that the difference in the averages may be regarded as significant. 



The following table shows the results of the application of this 

 method to the present collection and of those with wiiich it has 

 previously been contrasted. The figures indicate that the Strand- 

 loopers cannot be distinctly separated from the Bushmen or from 

 the Hottentots, while they are clearly separated from both divisions 

 of the Bantu-speaking peoples. It must, however, be remembered 

 that owing to the small number of specimens available the standard 

 deviation of the Strandlooper skulls is very great, so that there may 

 be differences which cannot be mathema,tically proved. In any 

 case, so far as the averages go, a distinct gradation can be 

 traced. 



Indices. 



More attention has been paid to a study of actual dimensions than 

 of indices. The reason for this is of course clear : Two males might 

 have the same index and yet be of very different actual size ; it 

 therefore seems advisable to test the present collection by this 

 means. 



