Notes on some Bushman Crania and Bones. 



257 



THE SACRUM. 



The measurements of this bone usually taken are the length from 

 the middle of the anterior surface of the upper border, the promon- 

 tory to the middle of the anterior surface of the lower border, and 

 the breadth between the most distant points at the same level of 

 the alas. 



From these a Sacral Index is computed : — 



Index = 



Breadth of Sacrum x 100 

 Length of Sacrum 



The following classification is adopted : — 



Nomenclature. Index. 

 Dolichohierie Below 100 



Sub-platyhierie 100-106 



Platyhierie Above 106 , 



Sacra were available for examination in the present series 



Illustrative Examples. 



Bushman (Turner). 



Bantu Negro. 

 . Simiidse. 



Andamanese. 

 I Australian native. 

 I Negro. 



Chinese. 



Eskimo. 



Europeans. 



Ancient Egyptians. 



The average value for the index is : Male, 95-3 ; Female, 108-0. 

 If the bones previously described be included the averages are : 

 Male, 94-7 ; Female, 101-3. The female average is probably too low, 

 because one sacrum had an index of only 81, and may have repre- 

 sented an exceptionally small breadth. 



Again the wide range of variation and the small number of speci- 

 mens prevent any very definite statement as to classification, though 

 inclusion in the dolicohieric group would appear the more probable. 



