Notes on some Bushman Crania and Bones. 



261 



Average Index, 65'9. 



The previously known averages were : — 



Bushmen (10) 66-2 



Hottentots (2) 60-0 



Negroes (100) 69-7 (Turner). 



Andamanese (27) 70-2 



Europeans (46) 65-3 



Akka (2) 80-3 (Flower). 



Bambute (1) 87 (Shrubsall). 



Gorilla 70-4 



Simla 69-3 (Duckworth). 



Hylobates 97-0 



The Pigmy races are thus more Simian than the others, while it 

 has been shown that the human foetus approaches still nearer to 

 that type. 



THE LONG BONES. 



The maximum length taken between two parallel planes placed 

 vertically to the scale is the most important measurement. In the 

 case of the Femur it is usual to also take the oblique length, as 

 obtained when both femoral condyles are in contact with the fixed 

 plane of the osteometric board. In the Tibia it is usual to omit 

 from measurement the spine, which is accomplished by having a 

 small hole in the fixed plane to accommodate it. 



Transverse measurements are taken of the Femur and Tibia. In 

 the Femur the antero-posterior and transverse diameters are taken 

 immediately below the lesser trochanter and again at the middle of 

 the shaft. 



An index has been computed from the formula — 



Antero-posterior diameter x 100 

 Ti'ansverse diametei* 



