246 



Annals of the South African Museum. 



this comparison is that it would tend to show that the Negroid 

 type is not the Hamitic element, and the non-Negroid type is widely 

 different from the Bushmen- Hottentot group. 



The features of resemblance of the Negroid type with the Hotten- 

 tots may be due to some former northern extension of the Bushmen 

 and Hottentots, as has been suggested, or to the influence of the 

 Central African Pigmies. 



A comparison of the Bushman and Strandloopers with the Central 

 African Pigmies is best made by a list of actual dimensions and 

 indices, since only three examples of the latter skulls are available. 

 The measurements of a Sicilian Pigmy described by Kollmann are 

 also appended. 



Dimensions. 



Maximum length 



Maximum breadth ... 

 Jiasi-bregmatic height 

 Bi-zygomatic breadth . 

 Naso-alveolar height . 



Nasal height 



Nasal breadth 



Basi-nasal length 



Basi-alveolar length . . 



Indices. 



Cephalic 



Facial 



Nasal 



Alveolar 



Sicihan 

 Pigmy. 



170 



121 



130 



121 



52 



41 



24 



95 



84 



71-1 

 42-9 



58-5 



B8-4 



' Prom measurements of Flower, Journal Anthr. Inst., vol. xviii. 



The resemblance is not great, but individual Bushman and Strand- 

 looper skulls appi'oach the others closely in dimensions, and with 

 such small numbers doubts must arise as to the representative 

 nature of the examples available. 



The great feature distinguishing the Central African Pigmies from 

 the Bushmen is the prognathism. This character suffices to say 

 that at present they are not the same race, it does not show that 

 they may not have a common ancestry. The Pigmies of the forest 

 zone, so far as it is at present known, seem to be largely mixed with 

 Negroes. This has given rise to the colour types among them, one 

 with a dirty yellow-coloured skin, the other black. Johnston regards 



