1 893. SOME NEW BOOKS. 387 



Contributions to the Anatomy of the Anthropoid Apes. By Frank E. 

 Beddard, M.A., Prosector to the Zoological Society of London. Trans. Zool. 

 Soc, vol. xiii., part v., 1893 (pp. 177-218, plates xx.-xxviii.). 



There will be few people who failed to hear at least of the existence 

 of the celebrated chimpanzee " Sally"; her reputation, like that of 

 some others, higher, perhaps, in the zoological scale, was made not 

 entirely by her own unaided merits, but was largely due to the assis- 

 tance of the Press. Her lamented death gave rise to obituary notices 

 more extensive than those commonly devoted to archbishops. 

 Human greatness, however, is apt to be but transitory ; and apparently 

 also the same is the case with anthropoid apes ; but the waning 

 reputation of " Sally " will, perhaps, be renewed by the above-quoted 

 memoir upon her anatomy. " Sally " belonged to a species of Chim- 

 panzee which was originally described by M. du Chaillu as Troglodytes 

 calviis ; the species was not by any means universally accepted at the 

 time of its description ; but the present paper sets at rest any doubts 

 which may be still entertained upon the matter. The question of the 

 species of Chimpanzees is one which is not yet decided, nor is it yet 

 ripe for settlement ; the material in the way of skulls and skeletons 

 available in the museums of Europe is not sufficient. A great many 

 different names have been at various times applied to supposed 

 species ; but at the present moment no more than two can be regarded 

 as having been definitely proved ; those are, of course, Troglodytes nigev 

 and the species which forms the subject of Mr. Beddard's memoir. 

 This ape was remarkable not only for being the only individual of 

 her kind ever exhibited at the Regent's Park menagerie, but also for 

 her intelligence and long life. From the condition of the teeth it 

 appears that she was about eleven years old ; at any rate she lived 

 in the Gardens for no less a period than eight years, which is, for an 

 anthropoid, quite phenomenal. " Sally " finally yielded to a compli- 

 cation of diseases which rendered it impossible to give any account of 

 the viscera ; this is to be regretted, as the chances of studying the 

 visceral anatomy of this species are not likely to be frequent. The 

 absence of any account of the internal structure of the animal is, how- 

 ever, made up for by an account of the muscular anatomy and of the 

 brain. The latter organ is well figured in several aspects ; as might 

 be expected, it does not show any great differences from that of the 

 common Chimpanzee ; nor is the muscular anatomy particularly 

 characteristic ; such points of difference as exist are dwelt upon by 

 the author. The reader may be interested to hear that the brain is 

 now to be seen in the Oxford University Museum ; the skin has been 

 stuffed and is in the Museum of the Hon. Walter Rothschild at Tring, 

 A great feature of the paper, as is, indeed, usually the case with the 

 excellent publications of the Zoological Society, is the illustrations ; 

 we do not intend to imply by this that the text in any way falls short 

 of the illustrations ; but it certainly is the case that the plates with 

 which the publications of this Society are adorned are of their kind 

 unsurpassed. We have in the present paper figures life-size of the 

 full face, of the head seen from above (evidently to show its dolicho- 

 cephalic character), of the hands and feet, and a whole plate and part 

 of another is devoted to the brain. The second part of Mr. Beddard's 

 paper deals with another anthropoid, v/ho was familiarly known by 

 the name "George"; this animal was thought to be a representative of 

 the smaller Orang, Simla morio ; Mr. Beddard, however, is not convinced 

 of the correctness of this view, which was partly based upon the suppo- 

 sition (erroneous, as it now turns out) that the ape was elderly ; 



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