112 



Ou dead limbs. 



Favolus spaihalaius (Jungh.) 



Hexagona cervino-phimbea Jungh. 



Ilexayona pulcheUa Lev. 



Hexagona thwaitesii Berk. 



Lentinus leucochrous Lev. 



Lopharia mirabUis (Bk.) Pat. 



Polyporus flavus Jungh. 



Folyporus graniinocephaJu.s Bk. 



Trametes lachnea Berk. 



Ti-ametes perfoonii Mtg. forma resupinata. 



On rotting stumps. 



Polyporus hirsutus Pers. 

 Polyporus rugulosus Jungh. 

 Polyporus willimnsii Merr. 

 Trametes pcrsoonii Mtg. 



It seems certain that in view of all the facts, even more rigid 

 sanitation should be required in ruhber plantations than among 

 coconuts. — where sanitation is an effective protection against some 

 of the most destructive pests and diseases. In a large and other- 

 wise well managed rubber plantation on Singapore Island, where 

 a consideralile amount of thinning had been done some time be- 

 fore my visit, I found that the dead trunks and stumps had been 

 left on the ground long enough to secure the development of vast 

 numbers of fruiting bodies of a large series of fungi, thus insuring' 

 the thorough distribution through the plantation of billions of 

 viable spores. To put the matter off by saying that most of the 

 species are probably saprophytic is, I believe, in view of our almost 

 entire lack of knowledge concerning them, merely " flying in the 

 face of Fate." Our very lack of knowledge should be the soundest 

 possible reason for the most rigidly perfect plantation sanitation I 

 I have long been interested in fungi and have pursued the subject 

 in many countries, but have been always hard pressed to find any 

 time for extensive field work. Yet I have brought together ex- 

 tensive materials in some of the most interesting groups of the 

 Ascomycetes, and this, too, in groups in which good spore bearing 

 material is usually difficult to secure. Much of this has been ac- 

 complished by a method which is simplicity itself. In the forest 

 the distribution of spores of a vast number of species is very wide, 

 in fact, almost universal, by reason of wind and rain. Therefore I 

 have only to cut a bundle of fagots of any known tree and expose 

 it to normal forest conditions to secure most of the fungi naturally 

 adapted to that special substratum, both saprophytic and parasitic. 

 Some s]iecies fruit only on decorticated wood, some only on young 

 twigs, others only on limbs of special sizes and degrees of maturity 

 and still others only on trunks or leaves; and different seasons will 

 produce different results on all these types of substrata when 

 handled as above indicated. Finding this method of the greatest 

 success in tlie forest. I began years ago to apply it in garden, field, 

 and orchard, securiiia' in this way very fine fruiting material of a 



