331 



Butcher sales 10,939. 17 



Retail sales 5,515.91 



Hold Account 220.44 



Commissions 2,415.53 



Interest Account 47.27 



Not deposited on 10/31/17 217.22 



$41,909.95 $41,909.95 



TREES RECOMMENDED FOR PLANTING. 



By Joseph F. Rock, Consulting Botanist. 

 Introduction. 



The Hawaiian forest must be divided into various zones which, 

 it may be stated in the beginning, are absolutely dependent upon 

 one another for their existence ; for example, a middle forest zone 

 depends for its existence on the zone immediately below it as 

 well as on the forest belt above it, no matter of what nature the 

 particular forest may be. If the middle forest zone adjoins a 

 bog region, as is the case on West Maui, Kohala, Hawaii, and 

 Waialeale, it is absolutely essential that such be kept intact; they 

 must not be drained by artificial means, especially not by the 

 method known as Louisiana drain, which method has actually 

 been tried by a particular plantation on the Island of Maui. The 

 disturbing of such a bog region as mentioned, is for obvious 

 reasons absolutely detrimental to the immediate forest below. 

 First the bog vegetation will naturally die out and thus the actual 

 means of water retention will disappear. In time the summit of 

 such a mountain harboring a bog will become bare and erosion 

 will encroach upon the forest below, (as is the case along Hano- 

 kawai Gulch on Maui), and eventually destroy the middle forest 

 below, which is so essential for water conservation. 



Grazing in the middle forest zone should be absolutely pro- 

 hibited wherever it is necessary to conserve the forest. Even if 

 no actual damage is done by animals browsing on the trees and 

 undergrowth, harm is done by their tramping over the surface 

 roots of our shallow-rooted trees which destroys the bark and 

 allows rot to set in, which gradually finds its way into the trunk 

 and causes the tree to die. 



The lower forest is also essential to the existence of the main 

 watershed. It acts as a barrier against the encroachment of un- 

 desirable vegetation such as weeds and grasses, guavas, etc. Care 

 should be exercised to keep this lower forest zone also free from 

 cattle and prevent the spread of honohono (Coniinelina niidi- 

 //oro) which is death to even such trees as the Kukiii and OJiia ai, 

 as can be seen in the lower forest of Manoa, especially in the 

 narrow valleys now filled with dead trees. To think that one can 



