133 



milk supply is unparalleled in any other country, state or terri- 

 tory where no indemnification is provided for the destruction of 

 diseased cattle, and where the enforcement of sanitary regulations 

 is in the hands of political employees. 



Beginning four years ago with the tuberculin testing of the 

 dairy cows of the City of Honolulu conditions were met of suf- 

 ficient severity to discourage the stoutest heart, and. had it not 

 been for the unfailing support of the leading dairymen and their 

 willingness to sacrifice large numbers of their best animals, it is 

 doubtful whether the present satisfactory state could ever have 

 been reached or. at least, not until the milk consumers had been 

 educated up to demand pure and wholesome milk for their chil- 

 dren. 



The first tuberculin test revealed no less than 32% of diseased 

 cows among the Monolulu dairy herds, which figure was reduced 

 to 24% when all the dairy cattle of the City and County of 

 Honolulu, that is the Island of Oahu, were tested, and it cannot 

 be disputed that had the test been postponed even one single 

 year the question of eradication woukl have had to be abandoned 

 and either pasteurization or the "Bang method" of gradual elimi- 

 nation resorted to. But as it was, by far the greater part of the 

 469 head of reactors to this first test belonged to three or four 

 of the largest dairymen, who were financially able to bear the 

 loss and who declared themselves willing or even anxious to 

 have their herds cleaned up. There was consequently nothing 

 else for the recalcitrants to do than to follow this step or else 

 go out of the dairy business, as the milk consumers were quick 

 to respond to the movement for sanitary dairies and clean milk 

 and refused to buy from any dairy that was not declared clean 

 officially, even though there was a slight advance in the price 

 of milk from the clean herds. 



In the latter part of 1910 (November), the intradermal method 

 of testing was adopted, whereby the greater part of the objection 

 to the work of eradication was overcome. This method, fully de- 

 scribed in the previous reports from this Division, has proved 

 absolutely satisfactory and is fully believed to be the only means 

 whereby the universal eradication of bovine tuberculosis can ever 

 be accomplished. 



The second and third annual tests gave respectively 5.8% and 

 3.8% of reactors whereas the 1913 test, comprising 4444 head 

 of cattle, gave only 119 reactors of which a great part were range 

 cattle that had escaped the previous tests and about V/2% were 

 actual dairy cows. All of these reactors were slaughtered with- 

 out unnecessary delay and, whenever possible, examined post 

 mortem. In every case did the pathological changes verify the 

 diagnosis and prove the value of the intradermal method of test- 

 ing. All stables where reactors were found were thoroughly dis- 

 infected and whitewashed, and these herds are now being sub- 

 mitted to the test every three months in order to apprehend any 



