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and then think their fortunes are made. Swill — that is, the refuse 

 and offal from kitchens of private houses, hotels, restaurants or 

 military camps — is first-class feed for hogs when properly sorted 

 or carefully collected, but failure to attend to this will always 

 prove disastrous, especially in a hot climate. Furthermore, unless 

 fed the same day it is produced, or at latest the following day, the 

 swill should always be boiled or heated to the boiling point, during 

 which process chopped green feed such as honohono or panicum 

 grass should be added in equal quantities with the swill, or if this 

 is very rich, that is, containing many meat scraps, the quantity of 

 green stuff should be as two to one. A small amount of rice 

 bran may be added, but to use this product as an exclusive feed 

 or as the principal component of a daily ration has in my expe- 

 rience always given extremely unsatisfactory results. This is 

 undoubtedly due to the high percentage of silicates (mineral 

 matter) and the low actual feeding value. 



As swill always contains a considerable amount of metal, es- 

 pecially solder and frequently the tin cans as well, and as fer- 

 menting swill soon begins to disintegrate the metal, producing 

 various poisonous salts, there is always the danger of serious 

 alimentary disturbances when swill is fed in large qauntities from 

 this cause alone, and regardless of the danger of ptomaine poison- 

 ing. This is fully borne out by both symptoms and post-mortem 

 lesions, exhibited in a majority of all fatal cases of disease among 

 swill-fed hogs. Constipation is more frequent than diarrhoea, 

 while paralysis, muscular trembling and blindness all indicate 

 lead poisoning. C^n post-mortem gastro-enteritis is the principal 

 symptom, extensive hemorrhagic areas along the large and small 

 intestines with numerous small patches on the mucous mem- 

 brane, but no button-like ulcers, as seen in hog cholera. The 

 liver and kidneys are pale and shrunken, and without the small 

 blood spots characteristic of hog cholera. Xor is the spleen en- 

 larged. There are, however, many variations in both symptoms 

 and lesions depending upon the differe;it poisons which may 

 develop in swill. It will therefore be seen that swill is an ex- 

 tremely risky food for hogs, and still there are several large hog 

 ranches on this island, especially in the neighborhood of the 

 large military establishments, that are simply coining money by 

 means of swill-fed hogs. But all of them have lost large num- 

 bers of hogs before they learned how to use it judiciously, and 

 especially learned not to over-feed and to take all of the precau- 

 tions already mentioned. Besides these it is imperative to ascer- 

 tain that no lye or soap-powder or any other chemical preparation 

 used in cleaning dishes and pans reaches the swill barrel, espe- 

 cially if the tin cans reach it also. Next is the prompt collect- 

 ing of the swill, as early in the morning as possible, and the sort- 

 ing of it immediately when the pens are reached in order to 

 remove all lemons, oranges or other acid fruit, as well as all 



