Species 



H. punctata Thome, 1928 

 H. major (Schmidt, 1930) 



Fi-anklin, 19UC»i- 

 H. trifolii (Goffart, 1932) 



Oostenbrink, 19^9 

 H. humuli Filipjev, 1931; 

 H. galeopsidis (Goffart, 1936) 



Pilipjev &L Schuurmans- 



Stekhoven, 19^1 

 H. cacti Filipjev & Schuurmans- 



Stekhoven, I9UI 

 H. cruciferae Franklin, 19h$ 

 H. weissi Steiner, 19U9 



H. carotae Jones, 1950 



H, glycines Ichinohe, 1952 



H, leptonepia Cobb and Taylor, 

 H. tabacum Lownsbery and 

 Lownsbery, 1952 

 H. fici - Kirianova, 195U 



Type Host 



Triticum vulgare 

 Avena sativa 



Paras . kiU 



Type Locality 



Saskatchewan, Canada 

 Halle, fjermany 



Trifolium pratense Schleswig-Holstein, 



Germany 

 Humulus lupulus Kent, England 

 Galeopsis tetrahit Lauscha, Germany 



Epiphyllum 



ackermanni 



Brassica oleracea 



Polygonum pennsyl- 

 vanicum 



Daucus carotae 



Glycine max 



1953 Unknown 



Nicotiana tabacum 



Picus sp. 



Haartensdyk, Holland 



England 



Beltsville, Maryland, 



U.S.A. 

 Isle of Ely, England 

 Tokachi Province 



Hokkaido, Japan 

 Probably Peru 

 Hazardsville, Conn. 



U.S.A. 

 U.S.S.fi 



•«-/There is some confusion as to the proper name for this species. H. avenae 

 (Mortensen, Hostrup, and Kolpin Havn, I9O8) Filipjev, 193U, has been used 

 in some recent literature. However, as pointed out by Franklin (1957), 

 this name was never accompanied by an adequate "indication" as required by 

 the Eules of Zoological nomenclature, and is therefore invalid. 



The Cysts 



Cysts of Heterodera are of two general types which are easily distinguished 

 by examination of the lower end, l/This part of the cysts of H. rostochi- 

 ensis and H. punctata has a smooth romided contour (figs. 1 and 2T'. The 

 cysts of all other known species is shaped somewhat like the end of a 

 lemon, that is, the vulva is located on a definite protuberance. This is 

 shown in figures 3 to 6, the variety of forms illustrated being repre- 

 sentative not only of the species shown, but of the other known species as 

 well. The first type of cyst is conveniently referred to as "round" and 

 the second type as "lemon-shaped", or it might be said that the vulva does 

 not or does protrude. At the upper end of the cyst is a distinct neck 



1/For convenience here and in the following parts of this paper, the cysts 

 will be described as viewed laterally with the vulva at the lowest point. 

 The "lower end" of the cyst would then refer to the region around the vul- 

 va, the vertical axis would extend from the viiLva along the center line of 

 the cysts, horizontal lines would be at right angles to the center line, etc. 



