84. PRINCE— TATAR MATERIAL IN OLD RUSSIAN. 



and mi, used by Vladimir Monomakh in the council regarding the 

 Polovtsian expedition. The term was unknown to the Polovtsy 

 and was of southern Russian origin, passing into Russian, perhaps, 

 by way of the Viatici tribe (cf. Sakhmatov, Introd. to the History of 

 the Russian Language, I. 8i). The word appears in OR. as losa; 

 gen. losate (f-stem) and has had the form losadj since the thirteenth 

 century; cf. losdk, "mule," Pol. lossak, " horse,'' etc. It is unques- 

 tionably a Tatar loan-word; cf. Turkish alasa, "gelding," and 

 Magyar lo, " horse." 



There were wild horses on the Asiatic steppes, as Vladimir 

 Monomakh speaks of catching and taming ten or twenty of them 

 at Cernigov. 



Nogata (Igor, 460) : to byla by caga po nogafjc a kosccj po 

 rcsanje: "then a female slave would be worth twelve pence and a 

 groom for five pence." 



This is a loan-word through the Tatar from the Arabic naqd, 

 "small coin." The intermediate form seems to have been nagd. 

 For the values in furs, one gr iz'j en j =^= twenty nogaty, or fifty 

 resany, see Magnus, p. 113. See below s. v. caga. 



Ovhir (Igor, 675) is a proper name ; probably the same as Lavor 

 in Nestor's Chron. 1185. This appears to contain the same elements 

 as are seen in the Turkish oghlan, "servant, lad"; we have the 

 record in Nestor of the Tatar servants of David Igorevic, named 

 Oulan, Kolca, etc. The form Lavor is certainly not as correct as 

 Ovlur. The final r in both forms is difficult to explain, unless it is 

 a variant of the -n in oghlan, oulan. 



Oljher (Igor, loi) is clearly not Tatar olybyr, "weak, ill" (re- 

 jected also by Magnus, p. 102). Magnus is probably right in 

 attributing this name to the series of geographical terms referring to 

 the Tatar territory, npw in Czecho-Slovakia. Note that there is a 

 Polish village Olbierzowice, not far from Warsaw (Magnus, lac. 

 cit.). Vexler derives this from Pol. olbrzym, "giant," applied to 

 the Avars. Cf. .y. v. scljbir. 



Or'tama (Igor, 142 ; only once) : or'tmami i japoncicami koziikhi, 

 "with the mantles, cloaks and coats" (they bridged the mire, etc.). 

 This is plainly the same as C. ortma = " mantica" ; cf. art, "back, 



