THE GREAT WAR IN THE ZONE OF THE ARMY. 331 



There is a hot-water tank on top of the autoclave which feeds 

 the showers and gives a pressure up to one kilo by manometer. 

 There are twenty shower heads. Water is heated to 38° C. and 

 kept at that temperature by a cold-water mixer. A bell rings when 

 45° is reached. 



The autoclave is drawn by two horses and the weight is 2,000 

 kilos (4,000 pounds). To set up this portable bather and delouser 

 it is necessary to be near a watercourse giving at least one liter per 

 second, and to have space up to at least 5,000 square meters. It 

 takes two hours to set it up and eight hours to make ready for the 

 first bath. 



These baths require about 12 liters of water per man. Men are 

 allowed, normally, ten minutes for actual bathing and it requires a 

 minimum of twenty minutes to hand them their deloused outer 

 clothing. Soap and towels are furnished by the bathing estabhsh- 

 ment and the dirty, but deloused, underclothing is stored in a tor- 

 toise tent to be trucked to the laundry after bathing hours if distant, 

 an equal amount being returned clean from their store in exchange. 



The English variation from this bathing establishment lay, as a 

 rule, in the delouser itself. Toward the end of trench warfare dis- 

 insectization was accomplished by dry hot-air chambers. The most 

 elaborate type of these is the Jacobs and the easiest to construct and 

 run is the Canadian Orr which will be described. It can be built in 

 a few days by four pioneers. It is essentially a hot-air chamber 

 with double iron walls and the space between insulated by earth. It 

 is heated by under-burning coke braziers and ventilated by holes into 

 which fit wooden plugs, removable, to regulate the temperature. 

 The loaded chamber attains 65° C. in ten minutes. 



We were experimenting at Langres on a combination of bathing 

 house, incinerator and laundry all in one, when the war came to a 

 close. 



Portable Hot-Air Disinfestor. 



The Pleasants hot-air disinfestor and portable shower for com- 

 panies or battalions. Mounted on Army general service wagon ; has 

 a limited application for service nearer the front. 



The Serbian barrel will not be detailed as it is far from satis- 

 factory and when used is a makeshift. The same principle on 



