SAUROPOD GENUS CAMARASAURUS. , 391 



characters of Camarasaurus and Amphiccelias, so far as these char- 

 acters are determinable from the material in the collection. The 

 genus Camarasaurus is characterized by massive proportions. 

 Throughout the skeleton, with the single exception of the ischium, 

 the bones are stoutly constructed. 



Synonymy of Camarasaurus Cope and Morosaurus Marsh. — In 

 1898 the synonymy of Morosaurus Marsh with Camarasaurus Cope 

 was suggested by Osborn f in 1902 this view was favored by Riggs ;* 

 in 1914 it was definitely adopted by Mook.^ At present Morosaurus 

 is considered to be a synonym of Camarasaurus, Cope's term having 

 priority and therefore being valid. 



Characters of the Genus Amphica^lias. — Amphicoelias is more 

 slender than Camarasaurus; its remains resemble those of Diplo- 

 docus, but are somewhat larger than any known Dlplodocus, and are 

 somewhat more strongly constructed. 



Restoration and Reconstruction of Camarasaurus. 



Ryder's Restorations. — It would be hardly justice to the very able 

 comparative anatomist. Dr. John A. Ryder, to publish, without ex- 

 planation, his reconstruction (Fig. i), roughly drawn, life size, and 

 exhibited before The American Philosophical Society December 21, 



1877. 



The reconstruction was obviously made after one series of bones 

 was exposed, but before Professor Cope had had time to give them 

 much study. It would not appear that Professor Cope himself 

 seriously studied the reconstruction, from the false arrangement of 

 the teeth on the malar jugal arch, and from the placing of consoli- 

 dated spines like those of the sacrum opposite the massive scapula. 

 Twelve to thirteen vertebrae are consigned to the neck, close to the 



3 " Additional Characters of the Great Herbivorous Dinosaur Camara- 

 saurus," Henry Fairfield Osborn, Bull. Amcr. Mus. Nat. Hist., Vol. X., Art. 

 xii, June 4, 1898, pp. 219-233. 



* " The Fore Leg and Pectoral Girdle of Morosaurus; with a Note on the 

 Genus Camarosaurus," Elmer S. Riggs, Field Col. Mus. Pub. 63, Gcol. Ser., 

 Vol. I., No. 10, pp. 275-281, Pis. XL., XLL, XLH., October, 1901. 



^ " Notes on Camarasaurus Cope," Charles C. Mook, Ann. New York 

 Acad. Sci., Vol. XXIV., pp. ig-22. May 21, 1914, i fig. 



