148 SUN-FLOWER, &c. 



preparing oil from their seeds, of which they produce an 

 immense number. 



The Sun-flower was formerly called Marigold also, as 

 the Marigold was termed Sun-f],ower. Gerard styles it the 

 Sun marigold. 



In old authors, the name for the plant, which is now 

 more strictly and properly designated the Marigold, is 

 Golds, or Rudds. ^Tolds, or Gouldes, is a name given 

 by the country-people to a variety of yellow flowers ; and 

 the name of the Virgin Mary has been added to many 

 plants which were anciently, for their beauty, named after 

 Venus, of which the Marigold is one : Costmary, the Vir- 

 gin Mary's Costus, is another. 



The Field Marigold is a native of most parts of Europe, 

 and differs but little from the garden Marigold, except in 

 being altogether smaller. 



There are many varieties of the Garden Marigold ; one 

 of which, the Proliferous, called by Gerard the fruitful 

 Marigold, is, as he says, ' called by the vulgar sort of 

 women, Jack-an-apes on horseback.' Although this species 

 of Marigold is generally yellow, there is a variety with 

 purple flowers. 



Linnoeus has observed, that the Marigold is usually open 

 from nine in the morning to three in the afternoon. This 

 circumstance attracted early notice, and on this account 

 the plant has been termed Solisequa (Sun-follower), and 

 Soils sponsa, Spouse of the Sun. 



The Heliotrope is the same with the Turnsole, both 

 names being derived from words which signify to turn 

 with the sun. 



