270 BOTANICAL I X T R D I C T I O N. 



cal test, and is obtained from the white lichen called orchal or 

 anchil. Nor should we forget the mushrooms, which present 

 numerous varieties, all held in much esteem. 



We will now give a very brief account of the diflfereut 

 orders into which these classes are divided, but the student in 

 Botany, must consult a larger manual to gain an accurate 

 knowledge of these subdivisions. The arrangement of the 

 orders in the first twelve classes depend chiefly upon the num- 

 ber of pistils. 



I. MONANDRIA. Two Orders, \-iz :— 

 Monogynia, one pistil, 

 Digynia, two pistils. 



For examples of the first order, we find the hippuris, a water-plant, 

 and ginger ; for an example of the second, blitum, an American plant. 



II. DIANDRIA. Three Orders, viz :— 



Monogynia, one pistil ; lilac, olive, salvia or sage. 

 Digynia, two pistils ; sweet vernal grass, catalpa-tree. 

 Trigynia, three pistils ; black pepper. 



III. TRIANDRIA. Two Orders, viz :-- 

 Monogynia, one pistil ; fleur-de-lis. blue flag. 

 Digynia, two pistils ; grasses, rye, oats. 



IV. TETRANDRIA. Two Orders, viz :— 

 Monogjrnia, one pistil ; plantain, dogwood-tree. 

 Tetragynia, four pistils; ilex or holly. 



V. PENTANDRIA. Six Orders, viz :— 



Monogynia, one pistil ; mouse-ear, forget-me-not. 

 Digynia, two pistils ; fringed gentian, parsley. 

 Trigynia, three pistils ; snow-ball, elder. 

 Tetragynia, four pistils ; grass of Parnassus. 

 Pentagynia, five pistils, flax. 

 Polygynia, thirteen pistils : yellow root or zanthorhiza. 



VI. HEXANDRIA. Three Orders, viz: — 



Monogynia, one pistil ; tulip, lily, aloes, fan-palm. 

 Digynia, two pistils ; rice. 

 Trigynia, three pistils ; dock, sorrel. 



VII. HEPTANDRIA. Three Orders, viz :— 

 Monogynia, one pistil; horsechestnut. 

 Tetragynia, four pistils ; saurudus or lizard's tail. 

 Heptagynia, seven pistils; septas, a native of Good Hope. 



