OP CONCHOLOGT. 12l 



I. " The typical group contains the most perfectly organized 

 animals." (Sws. 1. c. p. 242. § 301 and 302.) 



II. " Subtjpical groups exhibit an intermediate character 

 between typical and aberrant groups. They do not comprise 

 the largest individuals in bulk, but always those which are the 

 most powerfully armed, either for inflicting injury on their 

 own class, for exciting terror, producing injury, &c. ; they are 

 symbolically the types of evil and comparatively not very fer- 

 tile." 



III. The aberrant groups depart much more from those which 

 belong to pre-eminent types than these latter do from the sub- 

 typical. The aberrant groups are naturally divided into three 

 distinct types — aquatic, suctorial and rasorial — names used in 

 ornithology, the only division of zoology wherein they have been 

 accurately traced. These collectively form the aberrant circle of 

 every group in the animal kingdom. 



Expl. — Typical. 



1. Mammalia. 1. Unguiculata. 1. Eodentia. 1. Digitigrada. 



Suhtypical. 



2. Marsupialia. 2. Ungulata. 2. Insectivora. 2.- Plantigrada. 



Aberrant. 



3. Birds. 3. Mutilata. 3. Cheiroptera. 3. Pinnigrada. 

 Typical : 1. Ox, Horse, Lion. 



Subtypical : 2. Bison, Zebra, Tiger. 

 Aberrant: 3. Cat. 



1. " The natatorial, aquatic or apod type ; enormous bulk, 

 the disproportionate size of the head and the absence or very 

 slight development of the feet. Seize the food with the mouth 

 alone." 



Expl. — Aquatic Birds, "Whales, Fishes, Acalepha, Cephalo- 

 poda, Elaniosauri." 



These characters are entirely dependent upon the physical 

 properties of the water ; a ship, for instance, can thus be con- 

 structed much larger than a carriage or a balloon. 



2. " The suctorial type ; these are always the smallest in point 

 of size, the mouth feeble and defenseless in structure, and the 

 most defective in the organs of mastication. In such as belong 

 to the vertebrated circle, the feet are always fully developed, for 

 these animals are peculiarly active, and enjoy, in a remarkable 

 degree, the power of running and leaping. The head is always 

 very small, generally prolonged into a pointed snout, and the 

 mouth, as adapted for sucking, is uncommonly small ; in some few 



