( Traxslation.) 



DATA FOR THE STUDY OF THE CLEM ATE OF 

 LOURENCO MAROUES. 



By AuGUSTo DE Almeida Teixeika. 



This work is mainly based upon observations made at the 

 Campos Rodrigues Observatory and those obtained at the old 

 Port Captain's and the Swiss Mission's stations. 



In the course of this work reference is frequentl\- made to 

 the meteorological elements of South Africa. These have been 

 culled from the most excellent })apers written on the subject by 

 Messrs. Robert T. A. Innes ( Director of the Union Astronomical 

 Observatory), J. R. Sutton, Director of the Kimberley Observa- 

 tory), Charles Stewart (Chief Meteorologist for the Union), 

 Colonel H. R. Rawson (Member of the Meteorological Commis- 

 sion), and Commander Hugo de Lacerda (late Chief of Marine 

 Services for Mozambique), some of which have been pnl)lished ir. 

 the Reports of the Annual Sessions of the South African 

 Association for the Advancement of Science. 



Temperature. 



Temperature is unf|uestionably the ])rinci]jal element to take 

 into account, whatever may be the aspect under which one wishes 

 to study the climate of a certain district. The mean annual tem- 

 perature at Lourenco Marques, according to observations made 

 in 14 years, is 22.2° Centigrade (72° Fahr). The mean monthly 

 temperature is expressed in Table No. I. 



The difference between the hottest month, Januar\-, and the 

 coolest, July, therefore, is not as much as 8" C. (14'' F. ) thus 

 permitting of the climate being called regular, i) natural conse- 

 quence of the position of Lotirenco Marques, which is surrounded 

 from NNE to SW by the waters of the Incomati River, the Bay 

 and the estuar\- of the Espirito Santo River. This circumstance, 

 the predominance of sea breezes, especially in the hottest hours 

 of the day, and, lastly, the scarcity of calms, contribute to im- 

 prove the temperature and make the climate far more pleasant 

 than could be expected from its geographical position. 



It is well known that the Mozambicjue current has the effect 

 of warming the East Coast of Africa, while the Benguella cur- 

 rent produces the cooling of the West Coast, as confirmed by an 

 inspection of the isotherms, from which it can be seen that to 

 equal latitudes higher temperaures correspond in the former 

 coast, and that temperature increases from South to North. 



Similarly Mr. C. Stewart, by analysing the temperatures in 

 South Africa, concluded that an increase of temperature took 

 place from West to East along the parallels of latitude, and from 

 South to North along the East Coast. 



In .studying the particular case of Eourenco Marques, the 

 comparison of the local temperatures cannot be made at first sight 



