XXXIV SOUTH AFRICA MEDAL. 



pumps, and made it possible to apply the wash evenly and quickly^ 

 and so secure greater efficiency at much less initial cost. Soon 

 these methods began to be copied throughout the world, and 

 to-day the simplified Lime-Sulphur wash is being manufactured 

 on a commercial scale, and is sold by the train-load in America. 

 The practical result in South Africa has been that the simplified 

 Lime-Sulphur wash has secured perfect control over the follow- 

 ing pests of primary importance : — 



1. White Peach Scale (the work on which led to the 



discovery). 



2. Bryobia Mite on fruit trees. 



3. Peach Leaf Curl, etc. 



" One of the first steps taken by Mr. Lounsbury on his first 

 arrival in South Africa was to introduce the method of fumiga- 

 tion with hydrocyanic acid gas for the destruction of the Red 

 Scale on citrus trees. The Red Scale is the most important 

 citrus tree pest in South Africa, and at one time it threatened the 

 very life of the citrus industry. Through Mr. Lounsbury's 

 thorousfh-gjoins: work the insect was brought under control, and 

 confidence established in an industry which is doing more than 

 anything else to enhance the reputation of South Africa as a 

 fruit-growing country, and the industry bids fair to assume pro- 

 portions in course of time that will rival its magnitude in Cali- 

 fornia. 



" Mr. Lounsbury also placed South African Plant Import 

 Regulations on a sound basis by introducing the fumigation 

 method for cleansing trees and fruit arriving from oversea. By 

 careful inspection and fumigation he kept the Cape Province 

 (Cape Colony) free from many insect-pests that might otherwise 

 have been introduced, to the great detriment of the whole sub- 

 continent — for instance. Pernicious (San Jose) Scale and Brown 

 Tail Moth, both of which were stopped at Capetown. 



" Mr. Lounsbury carried this fumigation method still further 

 when he applied it to the destruction of vermin in Railway 

 Saloons, Schools, Gaols, etc. This entirely new development in 

 fumigation was speedily copied in other parts of the world. 



" Needless to say that the work of which the above is an 

 outline, has won for Mr. Lounsbury a world-wide reputation. 

 Even before LTnion, the Transvaal Government had requisitioned 

 his services, some of the Australian Colonies had sought his 

 assistance, and his aid to California and Ascension against pests 

 persistent in those localities has been mentioned above. Dr. L. 

 O. Howard, the Government Entomologist of the United States, 

 Washington, D.C., paid him a very high compliment when he 

 adopted his methods as the basis of similar investigations in 

 America. 



" Mr. Lounsbury's Annual Reports, covering a period of 

 eighteen years, constitute a very valuable series of official as well 

 as scientific records. The following is a list of some of the most 

 importan't amongst his other publications : — 



