ECONOMICS OF EAST COAST EENER. 221 



who usually spend their time herding. Consequently a large 

 number who had been otherwise employed were set free to go 

 to school, and a scrutiny of the school returns sho\v> that the 

 increase in the number of schools, teachers, and scholars has 

 been very considerable. 



In taking note of the figures on the next page, it is necessary 

 to remind ourselves that more than one factor is at work, and 

 therefore we cannot claim that all the increase is due to the East 

 Coast Fever. 



In my best judgment, however, 1 believe that the influence 

 of the disease, by killing off large numbers of cattle, set free 

 for school attendance practicall\- the wliole of the herd-boy class. 

 \Mien Ave read of one district alone losing 5(S,ooo. and realise 

 how many boys are required to herd that number of cattle, then 

 we may realise how large is the class of herd-boys set free in 

 the twenty-three affected districts. 



A comparison of the returns of grants for education made 

 by the General Council in 1906 and 1913 shows an increase of 

 50 per cent. Probal)!}', if the income of the Transkeian Council 

 had been unlimited, there would have been a larger grant, but 

 at this point we meet another side-current due directly to the 

 fever. 



The income of the Council is limited, and as very large sums 

 of money have been spent in combating the disease, by erecting 

 dipping-tanks throughout the country at five-mile intervals, the 

 result was that expenditure in other directions had to be cur- 

 tailed. Education suff"ered equally with public works. The 

 curtailment of the expenditure on education followed just when 

 a large number of children had Ijeen set free, and so. while on 

 the one hand we were presented with a great opportunity, on 

 the other hand the difficulties of making the best use of that 

 opportunity were increased. 



5. On Government. — -We have already reviewed all the 

 more important effects, and the one which remain^ i-; by no 

 means the least in importance. PUuitus. in one of his comedies, 

 has a passage not without aptness in this connection. Sagaristio 

 asks another: "How doth the town seem to be fortified?" The 

 answer given is this : " If the inhabitants be well governed and 

 good. I think it will be well fortified." In any country it is 

 essential for the relationship between Government and people to 

 be of the very best. There should be no friction between the 

 representatives of the Government and the people in normal 

 conditions. Unfortunately this ideal, in the nature of things, 

 could hardly be maintained under the pressure caused, by the 

 East Coast Fever. On the one hand, we had a Government 

 doing its utmost by rules and regulations to restrict the spread 

 and the activity of the disease, in the interests of the State ; on 

 the other hand, we had individual owners, suffering from these 

 restrictions, objecting very much to them, and doing everythin;^ 

 "In their power to avoid them. 



