68o mf:thods for counting in elections. 



The Same Election under Senate Rules, with the Grade 

 OF Each Transferred Vote Specified. 



^4 Voters elect 8 Members front 13 Candidates. Quota g.S4- 



Consecutive Distributions of all Available Choices. 



E 2 2nd 21 -07 



3rd -21 



D 2 2nd -07 1 



7th -74 1 



Note. — The 'Senate rules elect L and H, two candidates 

 very little preferred by the voters ; for the Table of Choices clearly 

 shows that 29 of the 84 voters marked no choice for either of 

 them and of the remaining 55, t^S marked L as their loth choice ; 

 and 30 marked H as their 7th, 8th. 9th, or loth choice. The 

 faults arise from the use of Droop's quota 9.34 to allot the votes. 

 When all 8 members get Droop's quota, 74.72 are used up, and 

 9.40 are left; of which . 12 is a gain from counting the transfer 

 value of 30 surplus votes for J, M, and K, see last entry in 

 Columns V, VI, and VII, at .07 in place of .066. So subtracting 

 .12 from 9.40, we get 9.28 votes left; which, owing to the use 

 of Droop's quota, can take no part in electing the 8 

 members, and get no share of representation. The 

 voters who gave these 9.28 votes are, in so far as those 



