i8o 



Report S.A.A. Advancement of Science. 



The lady holds in her hand the symbol of life, the crux ansata, 

 which, again, is the circle and gnomon in juxtaposition. 



In Peru we find holed .stones with six rays sometimes, but rarely 

 five. I belie\e five rays were made under a mistake, for when these 

 stones were imitated by baked clay, the pottery stars always had six 

 rays. Equally carved in hard Andean lava we find associated with 

 the Peruvian holed stones mealie cobs. In the Old World fir-cones 

 take the place of mealie cobs, and we find many Assyrian and other 

 monuments in which there are depicted dragons or gods offering in 

 one hand a fir-cone, and in the other a circle or symbol of equivalent 

 meaning, such as a bag. These fir-cones, or mealie cobs, I believe, 

 are represented in South Africa by the stone mullers sometimes found 

 associated with the holed stones. 



One of my Tikoes, which I found at Karroo Poort, shows 

 distinct cuts on one side, and although they are slight, yet they 

 amount to the sabbatical number of seven. In a cave some con- 

 siderable way to the north of this, but practically in the same range 

 of mountains, I found a circle with seven rays radiating from it ; 

 the coincidence became more marked on finding a triple circle with 

 twenty-one rays. I do not wish to press these facts yet into any 

 theory, but the coincidence, I think, is sufficiently striking to be worth 

 putting on record. At any rate, it establishes that the Tikoe was a 

 circle, and was not regarded as a make-weight, and at the same time 

 it proves that the current belief that the Bushmen had very dim 

 notions of figures above the number three is erroneous, for the paint 

 with which these circles are drawn is of the same age as that with 

 which the other characteristic paintings were made. The cave is on 

 the farm Groenfontein, near the village of Nieuwoudville. between 

 Calvinia and Vanrynsdorp. 



Coming now to the holed stones in Europe, we find them set 

 up everywhere. One of the best is at Madron, in Cornwall, which 



Tikoe found in Stone Circle at Broomend, 

 Inverurie, Scotland. 



