AND THEIR GERMINATION. 407 
Juncagine@.—The germination of Triglochin palustre agrees with that of Arum, show- 
ing no trace of the endorhizal character; but after the radicle has protruded, a slight 
ridge forms, which marks its junction with the cotyledon, and is produced by the base of 
the cotyledon ; and this gives the radicle in some degree the appearance of having been 
endorhizal. 
-~ Typhacee.—Repeated examination failed in showing any traces of the endorhizal 
character in Typha latifolia, the germination of which is much like that of Butomus, in 
the cotyledon becoming elevated on a short cauliculus, which is distinctly separated from 
the radicle by a slight ridge, and it agrees with it also in the position of the first leaf of 
the plumule. A fringe of minute radicles gives it the appearance of being endorhizal, 
and renders the examination difficult unless made in water. Richard's figures do not 
represent it as endorhizal *. | 
Aracee.—It was after repeated unsuccessful attempts that the seeds of Arum macu- 
. latum and Dracunculus germinated, and neither of them proved endorhizal At first 
there is no distinction between cotyledon and radicle (fig. 16), and subsequently only a 
faintly marked ridge shows the junction between them (figs.17 & 18); this consists of 
the base of the cotyledon, and is seen at the bases of the succeeding leaves (fig. 19). In 
4. Dracunculus the first leaf of the plumule is alternate with the cotyledon, being directly 
away from it; but A. maculatum does not produce its first leaf till after it has formed a 
small cormus, and in the meantime its cotyledon has withered. Supposing therefore 
the cormus in the latter to develope rather earlier than the cotyledon, so as partially fo 
envelope it on its dorsal side, or only to form a concave tuberosity beneath it, then it 
might be compared with the embryo of Zosteracee. 
Palmaceæ.—The germination-of Phenix dactylifera agrees with that of the a 
and Liliacee, except that it protrudes its radicle like a Commelyna, forcing = € ies 
tega away in much the same manner +; a shallow furrow, extending the lg å 
the cotyledon, shows its marginal side, and at its base, close to the radicle, prs hes 
for the plumule, looking like a small scar. It is, however, if pe a. vas 
_ the plumule escapes by an artificial opening, sometimes through the FEE Taking 
. ledon, but often through the furrow, in consequence of the tissue being tt i v 
this furrow as a guide, the first leaf of the plumule is directly away 
ledon. .— Å t rimary 
Liliace@.—Smilaeina, Funkia t, Asparagus, and Allium, all agree in having the p Te 
e A 7 E ule directly away from the coty A 
radicle exorhizal, and the first leaf of the plum | of the cotyledon, as in Iris 
Asparagus has the plumule sheathed by a stipulary accade bs oibie ds. 
and Canna; it is found on the inner side of the plumule, an i 
* Ann. du Muséum d' Hist. Nat. tom. xvii. pl. 5. figs. 8, 9. ; | : liel times exfoliates in 
+ About ten days after germination has commenced, the cuticle at the apex a bii: Merc same kind of ex- 
minute irregular scales, having in some degree the appearance s sen becomes an inch or more in length, 
foliation soon takes place from the whole surface of the Be cotyledon, w 
and therefore, I believe, is not at all analogous to a coleorhiza. hich, growing during germina- 
T One of the species of this genus is remarkable for a triple plumule, the go E Before germination the 
tion, produce a singular appearance. It is in cultivation in the Botanic Gardens, 
$ int, 
Plumules are enclosed within the fissure, and all spring from one poin 
