AN ENCYCLOPADIA 
OF HORTICULTURE. 371 
Saxifraga—continued. 
bladder), Breakstone; Rockfoil; Saxifrage. Including 
Ciliaria, Hirculus, Megasea, Miscopetalum, Muscaria, 
Robertsonia, and Spatularia. 
tensive genus of mostly hardy, perennial, rarely annual, 
highly glabrous, pilose, or glandular, erect or decumbent 
herbs, natives of the North and South temperate and 
Arctic zones, rarely found in Asia, and. very rare in 
South America; absent from Australia, South Africa, 
and the Pacific. Flowers white or yellow, rarely 
purple or rose, paniculate or corymbose; calyx tube 
short or elongated, free or adnate at the base with the 
ovary; lobes five, erect or spreading, imbricated; petals 
five, equal or rarely unequal, sometimes fimbriated or 
gland-bearing at base, perigynous or sub-hypogynous; 
stamens ten, rarely five, inserted with the petals. 
Leaves variable; radical ones frequently rosulate ; 
cauline ones gererally alternate; petioles sheathing at 
base. A dozen species are indigenous to Britain, The 
best-known species are described below; all, except 
where otherwise stated, are hardy perennials. With few 
exceptions, Saxifragas are amongst the easiest of plants 
to cultivate, they may be grown in any open soil, and 
generally prefer to be surrounded with stones. Propa- 
gated readily by offsets or by division of the tufts. Great 
variation is represented in the habits of the numerous 
species. They are nearly all beautiful and interesting 
subjects. 
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FIG. 425. SAXIFRAGA C#SIA, showing Habit and detached 
Rosette of Leaves. 
S. adscendens (ascending). Jl. white; calyx and peduncles 
hispid; petals obovate, retuse. April. Z. fleshy, three-lobed ; 
radical ones cordate, on rather long petioles, with the lobes 
incised; cauline ones somewhat cuneiform, the uppermost 
entire. h. 3in. North America, &c., 1732. Annual. SYN. 
S. petræa (B. M. 3026). : 
S. adscendens (ascending), of Vahl. A synonym of S. —— 
. aizoides (Aizoon-like).* M. orange or golden-yellow, dottec 
— red, —* in —— petals distant. June and July. 
l. Hinear-oblong, crowded below, scattered on the flowering stems, 
lin, to 2in. long, spreading ; lower ones reflexed, often ciliated. 
Stems decumbent, tufted, much-branched ; branches šin. to 8in. 
long. Alpine and Arctic Europe (Britain). (Sy. En. B. ee 
Aizoon (Aizoon). fi., petals cream-colour, often spotted at the 
— —— — onr rah erect, clammy Poceni 
Jure. J, clustered at the root, persistent, thick, spati ulate, with 
white, cartilaginous, toothed margins. Sin. to 10in. zee. 
North America, 1731. minor isa smaller form, SYN. —— “a 
Andrewsii (Andrews’). f., petals white, dotted with purple 
rae the middie, —— Summer. J. rather thick, sparsely 
hairy; basal ones spathulate, nearly lingulate, flat, cuneate- 
ORD. Saxifrager. An ex-. 
Saxifraga—continued. ; 
attenuated, very obtuse, minutely crenate-serrated ; cauline ones 
oblong, serrated. Stems erect, glandular-hairy, few-leaved ; 
branches racemose. h, 6in. 1848. A hybrid between S. Geum 
and S. Aizoon. 
S. aquatica (aquatic). Jl. white, large, shortly pedicellate ; calyx 
segments ovate-lanceolate, longer than the tube ; obovate- 
oblong, more than twice the —2 of the calyx; inflorescence 
loose below, crowded above. July and August, J, fleshy, 
sparsely pilose, dilated at base; cauline ones sessile, incised- 
trilobed above the middle. Stems simple or r iculate 
from the base. h. lft. to lift. Pyrenees, (R. G. 1167.) SYN. 
S. adscendens (of Vahl). 
S. aretioides (Aretia-like).* /l., petals golden-yellow, crenulate, 
with several straight nerves; corymb dense, few-flowered ; 
peduncles clothed with clammy down. May to July. l aggre- 
gate, linear-ligulate, igs sie mnucronulate, keeled, glaucous, with 
cartilaginous margins. A. Zin, Pyrenees, 1826, (B. M. 5849.) 
S. bronchialis (bronchial). M. cream-coloured ; calyx segments 
oblong-lanceolate, glabrous; petals oblong, twice as long as the 
calyx ; pedicels glandular, erecto-patent. May. l rather rigid, 
linear-lanceolate, mucronulate at apex, the margins ciliate: or 
ciliate-spinulose. Stems ascending, densely leafy at base; flori- 
ferous ones paniculate above. A. 6in, North America, 1819. 
Syn. S. densa. 
S. Burseriana (Burser’s).* fl. milk-coloured, large and beautiful, 
lined with yellowish nerves ; petals roundish, with curled edges. 
March to June. /. rosulate, triquetrous, pungent, smooth, glau- 
cous. Stems usually one-flowered. h. 1jin. Alps, 1826. Plant 
densely tufted. (Gn., Sept. 17, 1877.) 
S. B. major (larger).* M. white, solitary, on peduncles about 2in. 
high. l. acute, ciliated, in small, dense rosettes. 1884. A beau- 
tiful little rockwork plant. (G. C. n. s., xxi. p. 141.) 
S. cæsia (grey).* fl. milk-coloured, disposed in a small panicle; | 
petals roundish, unguiculate. May and June. J. linear-oblong, 
aggregate, recurved, keeled, the ope surface with marginal 
dots regularly disposed ; cauline ones few. Stems (and peduncles) 
smoothish. A. Lin. to šin. Alps, 1752. See Fig. 425. (J. F. A. 
374; L. B. C. 421.) 
S. cæspitosa (tufted).* f. white, campanulate, few, small, 
crowded. July and August. l. cuneate, three to five-lobed ; 
lobes sub-parallel, obtuse ; ope cauline leaves undivided. 
h. 3in. Europe (Britain). nt densely tufted, with short, 
flowerless shoots. (Sy. En. B. 556.) 
S. Cam 
corym 
