50 CINCHONA BARKS. 
reminding of those of Cinchona bark. The fibres of the Conda- 
minea are, however, thicker, less brittle, of very unequal length 
and thickness, and mostly provided with a considerable cavity. 
As much as this bark" is separated from the true Cinchona barks 
in its appearance, it nevertheless, by reason of these bast-fibres, 
approximates more closely to the latter than, e. g., to the Cinchona 
cuprea, 
SECTION XI. 
CINCHONA CUPREA. 
The remarkable bark, which I designated in the year 1871 as 
Cinchona (China) cuprea,? has received much consideration. — It is 
characterized by a peculiar color, which, on the outer surface, 
reminds of somewhat rusty copper utensils. It was emphatically 
set forth that I did not compare the appearance of this copper- 
colored bark to the color of the bright metal. 
After the communications of Hesse and myself in regard to the 
Cinchona cuprea (1871), nothing was heard again for a time of this 
bark. It was first at the end of February, 1880, that Mr. oe 
Howard informed me that it began to appear, unmixed, in larger 
that Paraguatan bark had been received at Cadiz: O. Henry (ibid, p 201) found it to be 
free from cinchona alkaloids, It is furthermore described in Guibourt's Flistoire natu- 
relle des Drogues simples, 11 (1869), p 185. Condaminea tinctoria, moreover, grows not 
only in the northeastern part of South America, but also in Chili and in the Argentine 
Republic. Mr. Stuckert, an apothecary of Basel, brought the bark of the same from 
Tucuman in 1880, under the name of Cinchona ( China) rosa, 
* The longitudinal section shows, however, great distinctions in comparison with Cin- 
chona barks ; the fibres of the Condaminea bark are much less regularly spindle shaped. 
In the beautiful red decoction which fresh “ Cinchona rosa” affords, the coloring matter 
is only suspended, not properly dissolved. When this is removed by filtration through 
bole or charcoal, a fluorescent filtrate is obtained, the bluish reflex of which is not destroyed 
by hydrochloric acid, and therefore cannot proceed from quinine. This remarkable 
— cy does not afford the red tar (p 68); nevertheless it is said to contain a trace of 
aloid. 
Very similar to the “ Cinchona rosa,” and perhaps identical therewith, is also the so- 
called Arariba bark, which Rieth describes in Liebig’s Annalen, 120 ( 1861), p. 247, and, 
in accordance with the statement of Martius, refers it to Avariba rubra, which is entirely 
unknown to me. _Its diagnosis will be found in C. Fr. Ph. von Martius’ paper, entitled 
“Zur Kritik des Gattungscharacters von Cinchona,” as contained in the S¢tzungsberichte 
der Miinchener Akademie, Il (1860), Pp. 323. Rieth found in the bark the crystallizable 
Arabine, C,,H, N,, the only solid base which is free fron oxygen. Vogl, on page 17 of the 
commemorative essay mentioned under section 18, No. 35 of this work, describes the 
same bark as Cinchona (China) von Cantagallo, and Miller, Baumrinden, 1882, gives 
on page 142 a good figure of a magnified transverse section of the same. 
2 Vorwerk’s Neues Jahrbuch fiir Pharmacie und verwandte Facher, XXXVI (Speier, 
1871), p 296, and therefrom in Wiggers-Husemann’s Yahresberichte der Pharm, 1872, p 
132. Mr. J. E. Howard forwarded to me at that time a good specimen of Cinchona 
cuprea, which, as early as 1857, had come under his observation among other barks in 
the London market. He had also already found it to contain quinine, although he had 
not published anything concerning it. Vogl has likewise considered the Cinchona 
Cuprea in his commemorative essay, p 98, mentioned under section 18 of this work. 
