COMMERCIAL STATISTICS. 55 
Of the tree, which in the valley of the Magdalena (probably 
more correctly in the central district, between the Cauca and 
Magdalena?) furnishes the Cinchonamine bark, Triana™ procured 
the required organs, in order to be able to determine that it is the 
Remiia Purdieana, mentioned on p. 20. By a comparison of this 
material with the Cuprea barks occurring in commerce, Plan- 
chon has definitely established the derivation here given of my 
Cinchona cuprea, as well as that of the Cinchonamine bark. 
SECTION XII. 
COMMERCIAL STATISTICS. 
A conception of the large dimensions of the commerce in Cin- 
chona barks is given by the following figures :* 
According to an estimate in the London Pharmaceutical Four- 
nal of September 18, 1880, there are annually more than 6 million 
kilograms of Cinchona bark (considered in the dry state) peeled 
and brought into commerce. The following statements indicate that 
this figure is well founded. If one may accept that the average 
value of one kilogram of Cinchona bark is from 4 to 5 marks,‘ the 
annual cinchona harvest would be worth, at the present time, nearly 
30 million marks (nearly 7% million dollars). 
Among all the drugs, only Opium attains to still larger sums; by 
far the smallest part of which, however, serves for medicinal pur- 
poses. Indeed, in the case of the Cinchona barks also, only a 
small and not easily estimated portion finds direct application in 
pharmacy. : : 
In the year 1880 there were exported from the northern part of 
South America, in Ciudad Bolivar, 29,650 kilograms (in 1881 only 
6,650), from Puerto Cabello 24,107 kilograms, and in Barranquilla 
(Sabanilla) 3,797,861 kilograms of Cinchona; in 1881, the latter 
figure, consisting chiefly of Cinchona cuprea, was increased to 
6,838,920 kilograms. ee 
Ecuador, presumably inclusive of the neighboring districts of 
Peru, furnished in 1880, via Guayaquil, 1,516,102 kilograms of 
bark; in 1881 only about half so much. 
1 Pharm. Fourn. Xi, p. 861; Fourn. de Pharm. V, p. 567. 
2 For a part of these figures I am indebted to the obliging communications of Dr. G. 
Kerner (emis quinine mamebactory); of Frankfort, Mr. David Howard, of Stratford, 
and Mr. Gehe, of Dresden, while the remainder were obtained from official reports com- 
pared by myself. Be eo 
? 1 kilogram = 2 lbs, 3% ozs, nearly, avoirdupois, 
4 1 mark = about 23 cents, U. S. currency. 
